不同盐分条件下硅对两个高羊茅品种生物量分配和营养元素氮、磷、钾吸收利用的影响  

Effects of silicon on biomass allocation and uptake and utilization of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in two tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea) cultivars under different salinity conditions

作　　者：陈文瑞 蒋朝 周齐新 王云琴 李春鸣[1] 郭鹏辉[1] 刘慧霞[1] CHEN Wen-rui;JIANG Zhao;ZHOU Qi-xin;WANG Yun-qin;LI Chun-ming;GUO Peng-hui;LIU Hui-xia(College of Life Science and Engineering,Northwest University for Nationalities,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《草业学报》2022年第5期51-60,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：2020年中国国家民族事务委员会中青年英才项目;国家自然科学基金项目(31360581)资助。

摘　　要：频繁的灌溉,使人工草地的高羊茅生长在盐渍化或潜在盐渍化环境中。硅可以抑制植物对Na^(+)的吸收,增加对N、P和K^(+)的吸收,从而提高植物的耐盐性,且这种影响因植物种类和品种的不同而不同。本研究采用盆栽试验,研究了不同程度盐生境下施硅对两个高羊茅品种(抗性弱的K31和抗性强的XD)生物量和植株N、P、K^(+)、Na^(+)含量的影响。结果表明,随着盐浓度的增加,两个高羊茅品种地上和地下生物量、N、P、K^(+)含量降低,Na^(+)含量增加。施硅对地上和地下生物量、N、P、K^(+)、Na^(+)含量的影响与盐浓度有关,在中低盐浓度下,施硅增加了高羊茅的地上、地下生物量、根冠比、N、P、K^(+)含量、K^(+)/Na^(+)值,降低了Na^(+)含量。高盐浓度时,施硅对高羊茅的生物量和N、P、K^(+)、Na^(+)含量没有影响。施硅对两个高羊茅品种地上和地下生物量、Na^(+)、P含量的影响相似,对K^(+)、N含量的影响不同,硅对耐盐性较强的XD地上部K^(+)及N含量的有利影响优于耐盐性较弱的K31。结果表明,在低中盐浓度条件下,施硅可以促进高羊茅的生长,并且对耐盐性较强的高羊茅品种XD更为有利。In many areas where tall fescue is cultivated,soils are salinized or may become salinized because of frequent irrigation. The application of silicon(Si)can improve the salt tolerance of plants by reducing the absorption of sodium and increasing the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium,although the extent to which Si improves salt tolerance varies among plant species and varieties. In this study,pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Si application on the biomass of two tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea)cultivars(K31 and XD)under salt stress and on the N,P,K^(+),and Na^(+)concentrations in their shoots and roots. The two cultivars differed in their salt tolerance;K31 was salt-sensitive while XD was highly salt-resistant. The two cultivars were grown in a mixture of vermiculite and perlite with a range of salinities. As the salinity increased,the shoot and root biomass decreased,the N,P,and K^(+)concentrations in the shoots and roots of the two cultivars decreased,and the Na^(+)concentrations increased. These negative effects of salinity were ameliorated by Si,and to a greater extent in the salt-tolerant cultivar than in the salt-sensitive cultivar. The application of Si increased shoot and root biomass,the root∶shoot,N,P,K^(+)concentrations,and the K^(+)∶Na^(+),and decreased Na^(+)concentrations in the shoots and roots of both tall fescue cultivars in medium- and low-salinity treatments. However,Si application did not affect these parameters in the high-salinity treatments because the salinity level exceeded the degree of salt tolerance and Si was not able to regulate plant responses. The application of Si had a similar effect on shoot and root biomass and on Na^(+)and P concentrations in the two cultivars,but different effects on K^(+)and N concentrations. The beneficial effects of Si on K^(+)and N concentrations in shoots of salt-stressed plants were stronger in the salt-tolerant cultivar XD than in the salt-sensitive cultivar K31. These results indicate that Si can promote the

关 键 词：高羊茅 硅的应用 生物量 N、P、K吸收 盐浓度 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]