军校青年考生与士兵考生职业基本适应性比较  

A comparative study on the basic career adaptability between high school graduates and soldier candidates of military college

作　　者：高荣 霍雨佳 王金丽 GAO Rong;HUO Yu-jia;WANG Jin-li(College of Politics,National Defense University,Shanghai,200082,China;Unit 95464 of PLA,Kunming Yunnan,650215,China)

机构地区：[1]国防大学政治学院,上海200082 [2]中国人民解放军95464部队,云南昆明650215

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第6期793-796,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：全军军事类研究生资助课题(JY2020C048)。

摘　　要：目的 了解军校青年考生与士兵考生在职业基本适应性检测中是否存在差异,为掌握不同类别军校学员心理特征、优化教育培养模式提供数据参考。方法 收集2018年和2019年华北地区某省军队院校招生体格检查中职业基本适应性检测相关数据,从检测不合格率、不合格类型、量表得分等方面对2 326名青年考生和1 141名士兵考生的相关数据进行分析。结果 2018年和2019年士兵考生体格检查总淘汰率(5.80%、7.43%)小于青年考生(20.72%、26.67%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。士兵考生健康人格测验不合格率(19.90%、19.52%)大于青年考生(11.03%、10.82%),职业人格测验不合格率(4.15%、4.65%)小于青年考生(10.13%、7.35%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。青年考生与士兵考生在装好、防御、癔病、装坏、轻躁狂、偏执、精神分裂、情绪稳定性、尽责性、怀疑性、忧虑性、紧张性量表得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 青年考生与士兵考生职业基本适应性检测结果存在差异,军校教育应参照其不同特征因材施教。Objective To investigate whether there are differences between military college applicants from high school graduates and troops in the basic career adaptability test,provide data reference for mastering the psychological characteristics of different types of military cadets and enhancing the quality of education. Methods The data of basic career adaptability test for military college enrollment in a province of North China in 2018 and 2019 were collected,to analyze the differences among 2 326 high school graduates and 1 141 soldier candidates in terms of the unqualified rate,unqualified types,and scale scores. Results In the health test for military college enrollment of 2018 and 2019,the total elimination rate of soldier candidates(5.80%,7.43%) was lower than that of high school graduates(20.72%,26.67%),and the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.05). The unqualified rate of healthy personality test for soldier candidates(19.90%,19.52%) was higher than that for high school graduates(11.03%,10.82%),but the abnormal rate of professional personality test(4.15%,4.65%) was lower than that for high school graduates(10.13%,7.35%),both of them have significant differences(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in scores of pretend to be good,defensive,hysterical,pretend to be bad,manic,paranoid,schizophrenic,emotional stability,conscientiousness,skepticism,anxiety and tension between the high school graduates and the soldier candidates(all P<0.05). Conclusion The results of basic career adaptability test are different between high school graduates and soldier candidates,and the students should be individualized in order to obtain the best development.

关 键 词：心理检测 职业适应性 军校报考生 心理健康 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]