基于自动化室内建模的5G基站信号仿真和优化选址方法  

The method and the key technology of 5G signal simulation and optimized location based on automatic indoor modeling

作　　者：崔扬 陈品祥[1,2] 刘光 董志海[1,2] 刘增良 王凯松[1,2] CUI Yang;CHEN Pinxiang;LIU Guang;DONG Zhihai;LIU Zengliang;WANG Kaisong(Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Beijing 100038 China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Spatial Information Engineering,Beijing 100038 China)

机构地区：[1]北京市测绘设计研究院,北京100038 [2]城市空间信息工程北京市重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《北京测绘》2022年第4期411-417,共7页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(4214069);中国博士后科学基金(2020M680322)。

摘　　要：目前,第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile communication technology,5G)技术想要全面推广,需要做好基站选址的工作。5G信号频率较高,穿透能力与4G、3G、2G相差悬殊,利用传统的基站布设策略,无法保证室内深度覆盖需要的良好体验。针对这一问题,本文首次基于自动化重建的室内模型进行了5G信号仿真,并提出了5G小基站选址的优化方法。首先确定候选基站,模拟5G信号传播过程;然后考虑信号传播过程中的路径损耗和墙面材料对信号造成的反射衰减损耗,以模拟5G信号的强度值和覆盖度。最后基于重建的室内结构化模型与5G信号仿真结果,利用贪婪优化算法设计了面向5G基站优化选址策略。实验结果表明,本文的方法能够有效地模拟5G信号,并且实现自动化5G基站布设和选址,该方法能更好地满足室内快速布设大量高密度5G通信基站的需求。At present,for 5G technology fully popularized,it is necessary to locate properly base station.The 5G signal frequency is high,and the penetration capacity is very different from that of 4G,3G and 2G.It is not possible to guarantee the indoor deep coverage by the traditional base station layout strategy.To solve the problem,5G signal simulation was firstly carried out based on the indoor models of automated reconstruction,and the optimization method of 5G small base station location was proposed.At first,the candidate base stations were determined and the 5G signal propagation process was simulated.Then,the path loss and reflection attenuation loss of the signal in the process of propagation were considered to simulate the strength value and coverage of 5G signal.Then,based on the reconstructed indoor structured model and 5G signal simulation results,the optimal location strategy for 5G base station was designed by using greedy optimization algorithm.The experimental results showed that the proposed method could effectively simulate 5G signal,and automatically set up 5G base station.This method could better meet the needs of rapid lying a large number of high-density 5G communication base stations in indoor scene.

关 键 词：室内结构化模型 路径损耗 反射衰减损耗 5G信号仿真 贪婪优化算法 5G基站优化选址 

分 类 号：P258[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]