泄漏条件对内浮顶罐油气扩散影响分析  

Effects of Leakage Conditions on Oil-vapor Diffusion in Floating Roof Tanks

作　　者：李哲[1] 徐振宁 马松浩 刘佳佳[1] 贾昆[1] 付世博 齐晗兵[2] LI Zhex;XV Zhen-ning;MA Song-hao;LIU Jia-jia;JIA Kun;FU Shi-bo;QI Han-bing(Northeast Sales Branch of China National Petroleum Corporation limited,Shenyang Liaoning 110013,China;Heilongjiang Key Lab of Disaster Prevention,Mitigation and Protection Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing Heilongjiang 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司东北销售分公司,辽宁沈阳110013 [2]东北石油大学黑龙江省高校防灾减灾工程与防护工程重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《当代化工》2022年第3期634-639,共6页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：中国石油技能人才创新基金项目,内浮顶储油罐浮盘及密封泄漏在线监测技术研究(项目编号:2021-N/G-30247);中国石油科技创新基金项目,油气管道泄漏激光检测光路杂散辐射抑制研究(项目编号:2018D-5007-0608);石油石化污染控制与处理国家重点实验室开放基金项目,埋地输油管道泄漏原油热质扩散介观特性和宏观表征(项目编号:PPC2018013)。

摘　　要：为研究内浮顶储油罐浮盘密封圈油气泄漏扩散规律,建立内浮顶汽油储罐密封圈油气扩散和泄漏环宽度、速度流率估算模型,分析了在不同浮盘高度下泄漏量对内浮顶罐油气扩散的影响,进而对内浮顶罐安全风险进行讨论。结果表明:泄漏油气主要在水平方向上扩散,罐内气体空间的油气体积分数分布呈现出梯度,越靠近浮盘边圈缝隙泄漏上方的油气体积分数越高;随着泄漏量增加,内浮顶汽油储罐平均油气体积分数增大,低液位2倍、5倍和10倍泄漏量下的油气体积分数分别为0.025%、0.046%和0.069%,高液位正常及2倍、5倍和10倍泄漏量下的油气体积分数分别为0.013%、0.020%、0.037%和0.071%,低液位下100倍泄漏量时罐内大部分区域的油气体积分数将处于0.15%-0.46%范围内,已接近甚至达到爆炸极限。In order to study the law of oil-vapor release and diffusion of floating roof seal ring in inner floating roof tanks, a two-dimensional model of inner floating roof oil tank was established. The effects of leakage amount on oil-vapor release and diffusion was analyzed, and the changes of oil-vapor volume fraction at monitoring points were recorded. The results showed that oil-vapor mainly diffused in the horizontal direction, and presented the characteristics of layered accumulation in the tank. The volume fraction of oil-vapor near the leakage ring and away from the vent was higher. The average oil-vapor volume fraction in the tank increased approximately equally with the increase of leakage amount, and oil-vapor volume fraction at the monitoring point under normal low level at 2 times, 5times and 10 times leakage rates were 0.025%, 0.046% and 0.069%, respectively. The volume fractions of oil-vapor at the monitoring point under high level at normal level, 2 times, 5 times and 10 times leakage rates were 0.013%,0.020%, 0.037% and 0.071%, respectively. In the process of oil-vapor volume fraction changing with height, there was a stable and constant oil-vapor concentration area in a certain range about 2 m above the floating plate, and the oil-vapor concentration in this area changed approximately equal proportion with the leakage amount.The volume fraction of oil-vapor in most areas of the tank was in the range of 0.15%-0.46% when the leakage amount was 100 times of the low liquid level, which was close to or even reached the explosion limit.

关 键 词：内浮顶罐 油气体积分数 泄漏量 油气扩散 

分 类 号：TE85[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]