基于等效模型矿用车零件加工性能优化分析  

Optimal Analysis of Material Performance of Mining Truck Parts Based on Equivalent Material Selection Model

作　　者：杨晨[1] 李伟[1] YANG Chen;LI Wei(College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Science&Technology,He'nan Zhengzhou 450064,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州科技学院机械工程学院,河南郑州450064

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2022年第5期191-195,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：河南省教育厅资助项目(21B460020;20B460016)。

摘　　要：利用网格应变测量系统,对典型深拉延类零件车门内板成形破裂风险区域的应变状态进行分析;基于AutoForm建立车门内板拉延工序模型,分析不同应变破裂极限类型下,材料的主要性能参数与零件成形安全裕度的关系;根据性能参数与安全域度的对应关系,基于Matlab建立不同屈服强度下性能参数的双响应面选材模型;利用危险点应变状态及应变大小相同,则其经历的极限变形能力相同的原理,提出简单有效地等效选材模型;结合实际车门内板冲压开裂及材料性能优化,对选材模型进行验证。结果可知:车门内板成形破裂风险区域应变属于平面应变;厚向异性指数r值对平面应变类成形安全域度影响要大于硬化指数n值,危险点属于平面应变的应着重考虑提高r值;通过优化材料性能,车门内板原开裂区域减薄率小于23%,安全裕度高于10%,解决了车门内板开裂的问题;实际冲压结果表明等效模型的可靠性。The grid strain measurement system was used to analyze the strain state of the typical deep-drawn parts in the door inner panel forming and rupture risk area. The drawing process model of the door inner panel was built based on AutoForm,and the relationship between the main properties of the material and the forming safety margin of the part under different strain rupture limit types was analyzed. According to the corresponding relationship between the performance parameters and the safety zone,the dual response surface material selection model of the performance parameters under different yield strengths was established based on Matlab. Using the principle that the strain state and strain magnitude of the dangerous point were the same,the ultimate deformation capacity experienced by them was the same,and a simple and effective equivalent material selection model was proposed. The material selection model was verified in combination with the actual door inner panel stamping cracking and material performance optimization. The results show that:the strain in the risk area of the door inner panel forming fracture belongs to plane strain. The thickness anisotropy index r value has a greater influence on the plane strain forming safety zone than the hardening index n value,and the dangerous point belongs to the plane strain should focus on increasing the r value. By optimizing the material properties,the original cracked area of the door inner panel has a thinning rate of less than 23%,and the safety margin is higher than 10%,which solves the problem of the door inner panel cracking. The actual stamping results show the reliability of the equivalent model.

关 键 词：矿用车 车门内板 工艺参数 冲压 应变状态 开裂 模型 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG385.2[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]