伸缩杆齿与纹杆混合式脱粒装置设计与试验  

Design and test of the hybrid threshing device with extendable rod tooth and rasp bar

作　　者：王显 程飞 裴二鹏 杨旭辉 王嘉伟[1] 郑德聪[1] Wang Xian;Cheng Fei;Pei Erpeng;Yang Xuhui;Wang Jiawei;Zheng Decong(College of Agricultural Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业工程学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期107-119,共13页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-07-D-2);山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211005);山西省博士毕业生来晋工作奖励资金科研项目(SXBYKY2021074)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在探索杂粮作物脱粒中存在脱粒转速高、籽粒损失大、破碎率高等问题。[方法]设计了一种伸缩杆齿与纹杆混合式脱粒装置,并建立伸缩杆齿脱粒过程中运动学模型,利用Simulink仿真分析伸缩杆齿松散物料的规律。[结果]分别以脱粒滚筒转速、脱粒间隙为单因素进行脱粒试验,结果表明,随滚筒转速上升,未脱净率、脱粒损失率与破碎率先减小后上升,脱粒间隙在9~12 mm范围对脱粒损失率、未脱净率的影响趋于同一水平;间隙从12~14 mm时,脱粒损失率与未脱净率上升;随脱粒间隙的增加,籽粒破碎率呈现阶梯状下降。[结论]以脱粒滚筒转速、脱粒间隙为试验因素进行旋转正交试验,运用Design-Expert软件对试验结果进行参数优化,以优化后参数进行验证试验,结果表明:脱粒滚筒转速360 r·min^(-1),脱粒间隙11.5 mm时,脱粒损失率0.22%、未脱净率4.57%、破碎率0.307%,脱粒效果良好。[Objective]At present,the problems of high threshing speed,large grain loss and high breakage rate exist in the threshing of coarse grain crops.[Methods]A hybrid threshing device with telescopic bar teeth and rasp bar was designed,and the kinematics model of the threshing process of telescopic rod tooth was established,and the law of loose material of telescopic rod tooth was analyzed using Simulink simulation method.The threshing test was carried out by taking the threshing drum speed and threshing gap as single factors respectively.[Results]The results showed that the uncleaned rate,threshing loss rate and breakage rate decreased first and then increased with the increase of drum rotation speed.The effect of threshing gap in the range of 9~12 mm on threshing loss rate and unthreshed rate tended to be at the same level.When the gap increased from12mm to 14 mm,the threshing loss rate and uncleaned rate were also increased.With the increase of threshing gap,the grain breakage rate decreased in a step-like manner.[Conclusion]The rotation orthogonal test was carried out with the threshing drum speed and threshing gap as test factors.The parameters of the test results were optimized by using Design-Expert software,and the optimized parameters were verified by the test.The results showed that:When the drum speed was 360 r·min^(-1) and the threshing gap was 11.5 mm,the threshing loss rate was 0.22%with the uncleaned rate at 4.57%and the crushing rate at 0.307%,and the threshing effect is good.

关 键 词：脱粒机 脱粒装置 伸缩杆齿 设计 试验 

分 类 号：S225.29[农业科学—农业机械化工程]