高性能碳纤维增强尼龙10T复合材料制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of High-Performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced PA10T Composites

作　　者：张琦[1] 夏礼栋 李源 徐凯[1] 高达利[1] 庄毅[2] 张师军[1] Zhang Qi;Xia Lidong;Li Yuan;Xu Kai;Gao Dali;Zhuang Yi;Zhang Shijun(SINOPEC(Beijing)Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;SINOPEC Group,Beijing 100728,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化(北京)化工研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]中国石油化工集团公司,北京100728

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2022年第5期44-49,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：中国石油化工集团公司科技部项目(219025-4)。

摘　　要：以半芳香族尼龙聚对苯二甲酰葵二胺(PA10T)为基体树脂,采用碳纤维(CF)增强改性的方式制备高性能CF增强PA10T复合材料,研究不同质量分数的CF对PA10T/CF复合材料力学性能的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜对PA10T/CF复合材料的断面形貌进行分析,结合X射线衍射分析和差式扫描量热分析对复合材料的熔融、结晶过程和晶体结构进行分析,采用热重分析测试了复合材料的热稳定性。结果表明,CF的加入显著提高了PA10T/CF复合材料力学性能,当CF质量分数为30%,PA10T/CF复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量分别达到253,360 MPa和20.1 GPa,比纯PA10T的性能分别提高216%,323%和675%。CF在复合材料结晶过程中起到异相成核作用,为结晶过程提供大量晶核,CF诱导α晶型PA10T晶态结构发生变化;同时也对分子链的运动折叠产生阻碍,导致晶粒生长不完善出现晶粒细化现象。加入CF后,复合材料结晶温度提高,结晶度随CF含量提高呈先下降后上升的变化趋势,同时热稳定性提高,当CF质量分数为10%时,复合材料热分解起始温度及失重50%的温度分别比纯PA10T提高10.7℃和12.4℃。Using semi-aromatic nylon poly(decamethylene terephthalamide)(PA10T)as matrix resin,high performance carbon fiber(CF)reinforced PA10T composites were prepared by adopting CF reinforced modification method.The effects of CF content on the mechanical properties of PA10T/CF composites were studied.The section morphology of PA10T/CF composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,and the melting,crystallization and crystal structure of the composites were analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis and differential scanning calorimetry,the thermal stability of the composites were tested by thermogravimetric analysis.The results indicate that the significant improvement of the mechanical properties of PA10T/CF composites is realized with the reinforcement of CF.As the content of CF is 30 wt%,the tensile strength,flexural strength and flexural modulus of PA10T/CF composites reach 253,360 MPa and 20.1 GPa,respectively,are 216%,323%and 675%higher than those of pure PA10T.Excessive crystal nucleus are provided under the heterogeneous nucleation of CF during the crystalline process,as well as the structure ofα-crystalline PA10T is altered by induction of CF.Meanwhile,the movement and folding of molecular chain is hindered with the existence of CF,resulting in imperfect crystal grain growth and refinement.The crystallization temperature of the composite increases with adding CF,the crystallinity decreases first and then increases with the increase of CF content.In addition,the thermal stability of PA10T/CF composites is improved with adding CF,the onset decomposition temperature and 50%weight loss temperature of PA10T/CF composite increases by 10.7℃and 12.4℃compared with pure PA10T when the content of CF is 10 wt%.

关 键 词：碳纤维 聚对苯二甲酰葵二胺 力学性能 结晶 

分 类 号：TQ323.6[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]