数字平台用户多归属能促进创新吗?  

Can Multihoming of Digital Platform Users Promote Innovation?

作　　者：卢远瞩 包开花 刘家龙 LU Yuan-zhu;BAO Kai-hua;LIU Jia-long

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学经济管理学院 [2]中央财经大学中国经济与管理研究院

出　　处：《中央财经大学学报》2022年第5期84-98,共15页Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics

摘　　要：我国平台经济已显示出寡头垄断的市场结构特征。此时平台创新动力可能不足。而各种价格比较APP的出现使平台用户更容易多归属。因此,明确用户多归属能否促进平台创新,以及找出影响平台创新的主要因素尤为重要,此外还需要进一步讨论用户多归属的价格效应和福利效应。本文通过构建双寡头Hotelling模型,在考虑卖方组内网络外部性的情况下,分析并比较了双边用户均为单归属、竞争性瓶颈两种环境下的市场均衡。研究表明:第一,用户多归属能够促进平台创新,这表明平台“二选一”必然会抑制创新,应对其进行反垄断规制。第二,当双边用户均为单归属时,平台创新水平仅取决于创新成本参数;而允许卖方多归属时,平台创新水平还受卖方一系列参数和买方组间网络外部性的影响。第三,在通常情况下,卖方多归属会使买方会员费下降,卖方会员费上升。第四,允许卖方多归属时,买方、卖方和平台企业分别可能会获利,也可能会受损。The platform economy in China has exhibited the characteristic of oligopoly market structure,which may result in the shortage of innovation.A number of price comparison applications allow platforms’users to multihome more easily.Therefore,it is significant to clarify whether multihoming can promote platform innovation,find out the main factors affecting platform innovation and discuss the price effect and welfare effect of multihoming.This paper constructs a duopoly Hotelling model in which sellers’negative within-group network externality is introduced,and analyzes the market equilibrium under two environments:both sides of platform singlehoming and competitive bottleneck,and then compares the two equilibrium outcomes.The main findings are the following:(i)multihoming can promote platform innovation.This means the exclusive dealing of platforms necessarily restrains innovation and thus should be regulated;(ii)when both sides of platform singlehome,the innovation level of platforms only depends on the innovation cost parameter;while when sellers multihome,the innovation level of platforms also depends on the parameters of sellers and the cross-group network externality to buyers;(iii)sellers’multihoming usually reduces the membership fee for buyers and increases the membership fee for sellers;and(iv)when sellers multihome,buyers,sellers and platforms may be better off or worse off respectively.

关 键 词：平台竞争 用户多归属 创新 独占交易 

分 类 号：F019.1[经济管理—政治经济学]