基于与受力处距离和载荷方式的颅骨变形分类  

Classification of skull deformation based on the distance from the impact site and loading modes

作　　者：李骄勇 Li Jiaoyong(CMU school of Forensic Medicine,Shengyang,110022)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学法医学院,辽宁沈阳110022

出　　处：《中国法医学杂志》2022年第2期159-163,共5页Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine

摘　　要：外力作用下的颅骨变形分类是颅骨骨折成伤机制分析的理论基础。国内目前主要沿用二分法和三分法,前者由局部变形和整体变形组成,后者由局部变形、整体变形和内弯外曲变形组成。现有分类方法存在着一些缺陷,包括未强调“盆沿”区的重要性,未包括剪切、弯曲以外的载荷方式,三分法中各个分类之间不互斥等,这些缺陷限制了理论的应用。颅骨骨折的形态特征基本取决于与受力处的距离和载荷方式。笔者依据与受力处的距离不同,将外力作用下的颅骨变形区域分为受力区、环绕区(“盆沿”区)和远隔区,再根据载荷方式进行二次分类,分为拉伸、压缩、弯曲、剪切和扭转。这种新的外力作用下的颅骨变形分类方法虽然难免存有不足,但可以弥补现有分类方法的部分缺陷。Deformation patterns of the skull due to blows are the basis for the analysis of the mechanism of skull fracture. At present, dichotomy and trisection are mainly used in China. The former consists of local deformation and general deformation, and the latter consists of local deformation, general deformation, and inbending-outbending deformation. The existing classification methods do not emphasize the importance of the boundary edge of the inbended area( "basin edge" area) and do not include loading modes other than shear and bending. The categories are not mutually exclusive in trisection. These defects limit the application of the theory. The morphological characteristics of skull fracture are generally determined by the distance from the impact site and the loading mode. In this paper, according to the different distance from the impact site, the skull deformation area was divided into impact area, surrounding area( "basin edge" area)and peripheral area, and they were further classified by loading modes including tension, compression, bending, shear and torsion. Although this new skull deformation classification has some shortcomings, it can remedy the defects of the existing dichotomy and trisection.

关 键 词：与受力处距离 载荷方式 受力区 环绕区(“盆沿”区) 远隔区 

分 类 号：DF795.2[医药卫生—法医学]