西汉商人的地位变迁——以王权支配为视角  

The Change of the Merchant’s Status in the Western Han Dynasty——From the Perspective of Royal Domination

作　　者：郑宇虹 Zheng Yuhong(School of History and Culture,Bohai University,Jinzhou 121013,China)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学历史文化学院,辽宁锦州121013

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2022年第4期156-158,177,共4页Journal of Heihe University

摘　　要：汉初,统治者实行“重农抑商”政策,商人不得为吏,其身份可比之于赘婿。汉武帝统治时期,为解决财政问题,国家逐步向商人开放多种为官途径,由此大量商人通过为吏的方式进入国家官僚体系,不断加深了与王权的结合程度。伴随着权富和财富的叠加,商人的身份逐渐复合化,历经了从“商人”“商吏”“吏商”到“官商地主”三位一体的演变。商人阶层的社会势力与日剧增,地位亦随之提高,最终与王侯并举,成为西汉后期影响社会的重要力量,并对王权产生反制约作用。At the beginning of the Han Dynasty,the rulers carried out the policy of“attaching importance to agriculture and restraining commerce”.A merchant cannot be an offi cal.His status is equivalent to that of a live-in son-in-law.During the reign of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty,in order to solve the fi nancial problems,the state gradually opened a variety of offi cial channels to the merchants.With the superimposition of power and wealth,the identity of merchants was gradually compound,which experienced the trinity evolution from“Merchants”,“Commercial offi cials”,“Offi cials and merchants”to“Offi cials,merchants and landlords”.The social power of the merchant class increased rapidly,and its status also improved,and fi nally,it became an important force to infl uence the society in the later period of the Western Han Dynasty and had a counter-restrictive eff ect on the royal power.

关 键 词：王权 商人阶层 社会结构 地位 

分 类 号：K231.04[历史地理—历史学]