生活方式对老年人认知功能的影响  

The Influence of Lifestyle on Cognitive Function in the Elderly

作　　者：汪霞晴 王常颖[1] 张蕴伟 朱婷婷 邱易彤 牛玉宏[1] Wang Xiaqing;Wang Changying;Zhang Yunwei;Zhu Tingting;Qiu Yitong;Niu Yuhong(Shanghai Health Development Research Center(Shanghai Medical Technology Intelligence Institute),Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市卫生和健康发展研究中心(上海市医学科学技术情报研究所),上海200031

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2022年第2期120-124,共5页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金项目“老年认知障碍卫生需求、服务资源配置及对策研究”(19ZR1449300)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市某区老年人的生活方式现状,并探讨其对老年人认知功能的影响,为开展老年认知障碍的干预工作提供依据。方法运用多阶段抽样及偶遇抽样法,对该区1810名老年人的基本情况及认知功能进行问卷调查。结果对生活方式变量做多因素logistic回归分析发现,每周吸烟(OR=8.829,P<0.05)是老年人认知功能的危险因素,每天饮茶(OR=0.590,P<0.05)和每天锻炼(OR=0.666,P<0.05)可能是老年人认知功能的保护因素。对锻炼的方式采用多因素logistic回归分析发现,做体操(OR=0.390,P<0.05)可能是老年人认知功能的保护因素。结论每天参加体育锻炼是社区老年人认知功能的保护因素,其中做体操的效果最好;坚持饮茶对社区老年人的认知功能有积极作用;吸烟对社区老年人的认知功能可能有负面影响,应在社区积极倡导控烟。Objective To understand the status of elderly’s lifestyle in a District of Shanghai,and explore the effect on elderly’s cognitive function,so as to provide the evidence for carrying out elderly cognitive impairment interventions.Methods Multistage sampling and accidental sampling were adopted by this study in the District,and 1810 elderly were enrolled and surveyed by their basic information and cognitive function.Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis of lifestyle variables showed that in elderly smoking every week(OR=8.829,P<0.05)was the risk factor of cognitive function,and drinking tea every day(OR=0.590,P<0.05)and exercising every day(OR=0.666,P<0.05)might be the protective factors of cognitive function.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the way of exercise,and it was found that doing gymnastics(OR=0.390,P<0.05)may be the protective factor of cognitive function.Conclusion Taking part in physical exercise every day is a protective factor for the cognitive function of the elderly in the community,among which gymnastics has the best effect;insisting on drinking tea has a positive effect on the cognitive function of the elderly in the community;smoking has a negative impact on the cognitive function of the elderly in the community,so smoking control should be actively advocated in the community.

关 键 词：老年人 认知功能 生活方式 社区 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]