不同疏透度的柠条带防风效果研究  

The Windproof Effect of Caragana korshinskii with Different Porosity

作　　者：周云鹤 陈智[1] 佟鑫[1] 禚春祥 刘海洋[1] 豪宝尔 ZHOU Yunhe;CHEN Zhi;TONG Xin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2022年第5期60-64,I0005,共6页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41661058,31860666);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY19051);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020BS04005);内蒙古农业大学引进优秀博士人才项目(NDYB2016-32)。

摘　　要：中国干旱、半干旱地区受到风蚀荒漠化的威胁,土壤风蚀现象严重,对国民经济和社会发展造成了危害。植被的落叶期是土壤风蚀严重的季节,为探究落叶期不同疏透度下灌木林带的空气动力学特征,合理配置林带结构,修复荒漠草原土壤风蚀灾害,利用风蚀风洞开展模拟试验,以“一行一带”的柠条带为研究对象,设计不同疏透度的林带模型,分析不同疏透度的林带在6、9、12 m/s三种不同中心风速下带后的风速廓线、防风效能,揭示落叶期不同结构林带空气流场特征和防风效果。结果表明,不同疏透度的灌木林带对空气流场垂直结构产生了不同影响:同种中心风速下,植被疏透度数值越小,风速廓线发生变异的带后距离越近,且变异程度越大;同种疏透度下,中心风速越大,风速廓线发生变异的程度越大。柠条带后的防风效果为:疏透度35%林带>疏透度45%林带>疏透度60%林带。Arid and semi-arid areas of China are threatened by wind erosion and desertification,and soil wind erosion is serious and has caused harm to national economic and social development. The deciduous period of vegetation is the season of serious soil wind erosion. In order to explore the aerodynamic characteristics of shrub belt under different porosity in deciduous period,rationally allocate the forest belt structure and restore the soil wind erosion disaster of desert grassland,the paper designed the forest belt model with different porosities,analyzed the wind speed profile and windbreak efficiency behind the forest belt with different porosities under the conditions of three different central wind speeds of 6,9 and 12 m/s and revealed the characteristics of air flow field and windbreak effect of forest belts with different structures in deciduous period by carrying out simulation test in wind erosion wind tunnel and taking Caragana korshinskii strip as the research object with a line as a belt. The outcomes show that a) the shrub belts with different porosities have different effects on the vertical structure of air flow field. Under the same central wind speed,the smaller the value of vegetation porosity,the closer the distance behind the wind speed profile variation and the greater the degree of variation and;b) under the same porosity,the greater the central wind speed is,the greater the variation degree of wind speed profile is. The windbreak effect behind Caragana korshinskii strip is forest belt with 35% porosity > forest belt with 45% porosity > forest belt with 60% porosity.

关 键 词：柠条带 疏透度 防风效能 风速廓线 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] S727.23[农业科学—农业基础科学]