川西巴塘断裂带地质灾害效应与典型滑坡发育特征  

Geo-hazard effects and typical landslide characteristics of the Batang fault zone in the western Sichuan

作　　者：杨志华[1,2] 吴瑞安 郭长宝[1,2] 张永双 兰恒星[4] 任三绍 闫怡秋 YANG Zhihua;WU Ruian;GUO Changbao;ZHANG Yongshuang;LAN Hengxing;REN Sanshao;YAN Yiqiu(Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing,100081,China;Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological safety,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing,100081,China;Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,Chinese Academy ofGeological Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences andNatural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100101,China;China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081 [2]自然资源部活动构造与地质安全重点实验室,北京100081 [3]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [5]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《中国地质》2022年第2期355-368,共14页Geology in China

基　　金：中国地质调查项目(DD20190319);国家自然科学基金项目(41731287,41941019)共同资助。

摘　　要：【研究目的】川西巴塘断裂带地质背景复杂,研究地质灾害发育特征,有利于揭示活动断裂带的地质灾害效应。【研究方法】本文在巴塘断裂带地质灾害成灾背景分析和野外调查研究的基础上,剖析了区域地质灾害分布规律与典型滑坡发育特征,探讨了巴塘断裂带的地质灾害效应。【研究结果】研究认为:(1)巴塘断裂带附近碎裂岩体结构为地质灾害孕育提供了物质基础,断裂剧烈活动(地震)或蠕滑直接诱发地质灾害,断裂带强烈地质灾害效应主要发生在断裂两侧3000 m范围以内;(2)巴塘断裂带地质灾害具有点多面广、分布不均、局部集中等特点,金沙江干流沿岸深切峡谷区发育大量蠕滑型滑坡和历史地震堵江滑坡;(3)巴塘断裂带地震滑坡和古滑坡发育,部分滑坡直接跨越断层,受断裂、降雨和人类工程等内外动力作用的综合影响,局部复活明显。【结论】巴塘断裂带对区域地质灾害发育分布具有显著的控制作用,巴塘断裂带部分居民点和公路存在地质灾害风险,城镇规划区应远离河谷岸坡和泥石流堆积扇等易受地质灾害影响区域。研究成果对于认识青藏高原东缘活动断裂带地质灾害效应和防灾减灾具有重要的科学意义。This paper is the result of the geological disaster prevention and control engineering and geological hazard prevention and control engineering.[Objective]The Batang fault zone in the western Sichuan and eastern Tibet Plateau has complex geological settings.The study on the geo-hazard development characteristics is helpful to reveal the geo-hazard effect of active fault zone.[Methods]Based on the forming background analysis and field geo-hazard investigation of the Batang fault zone,this paper analyzes the geo-hazard distribution law and typical landslide development characteristics,and discusses the geo-hazard effects of the Batang fault zone.[Results]The study shows that:(1)The fragmented rock mass structure effected by fault activity can promote the development and formation of geo-hazard,and the violent fault activity(earthquake)or the creeping activity can induce geo-hazards,and the strong geo-hazard effects mainly occur with in 3000 m on both sides of the fault.(2)Geo-hazards in the Batang fault zone have the characteristics of wide areas,uneven distribution,local concentration,and so on.There are a large number of creepy landslides and seismic landslides in the deep-cut canyon along the main stream of the Jinsha River.(3)Seismic landslides and ancient landslides are developed in the Batang fault zone,and some landslides directly cross the fault zone.The superimposed influence of internal and external forces such as faults,rainfall and human engineering,has induced some local revival of some landslides.[Conclusions]The Batang fault has a significant control effect on regional geo-hazard development and distribution.Some residential areas and roads in the Batang fault zone are at geo-hazard risk.The town planning area should be far away from the river valley bank slopes and debris flow accumulation fans and other areas vulnerable to geo-hazard.The research results have important scientific significance for understanding the geo-hazard effects of the active fault zone in the eastern Tibet Plateau and for disa

关 键 词：青藏高原 巴塘断裂带 地质灾害效应 地震滑坡 成灾机理 地质调查工程 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]