低温季节凡纳滨对虾室内生物絮团养殖研究  

Indoor Biofloc Culture of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in Low Temperature Season

作　　者：周晖[1] 韩满强 汤保贵[1] 伍栩民 杜书敏 谭瑞华 龚汉夫 林志豪 何益荀 钟育麒 林桂腾 ZHOU Hui;HAN Manqiang;TANG Baogui;WU Xumin;DU Shumin;TAN Ruihua;GONG Hanfu;LIN Zhihao;HE Yixun;ZHONG Yuqi;LIN Guiteng(Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal, Regular High Education Institute of Guangdong Province, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;Zhanjiang Haisite Aquatic Products Technology Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang 524088, China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东省普通高校南海水产经济动物增养殖重点实验室,广东湛江524088 [2]湛江海思特水产科技有限公司,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《水产科学》2022年第3期424-430,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家海洋局“十三五”海洋经济创新发展示范市项目(湛海创[2018]C3).

摘　　要：在低温季节研究凡纳滨对虾在室内生物絮团养殖模式下的生长与体成分。试验设置清水养殖(饱食投喂)为对照组,生物絮团养殖(投喂量为清水组70%)为试验组,每组3个平行,每桶放凡纳滨对虾[(3.17±0.37)g]18尾,养殖42 d,记录摄食率,测定体质量和体成分,计算生长指标。试验结果显示:(1)清水组的平均水温为(21.3±2.0)℃,凡纳滨对虾的平均日摄食率为(1.87±0.30)%,变化不显著(P>0.05),水温与凡纳滨对虾平均日摄食率无显著相关性(P>0.05);(2)31~42 d,絮团组水温显著高于清水组(P<0.05);(3)在投喂量仅为清水组70%的条件下,絮团组与清水组凡纳滨对虾的终末体质量、质量增加率、特定生长率和体成分差异不显著(P>0.05),絮团组凡纳滨对虾的饲料转化效率和蛋白质效率显著高于清水组(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,在低温季节,室内生物絮团养殖模式可以在维持凡纳滨对虾生长速度与清水养殖无显著差异的前提下,有效提高饲料转化效率,并维持较高水温。In low temperature season,the growth index and body composition of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei cultured in the indoor biofloc system were studied.In the experiment,clean water culture(CW,fed ad libitum)was set as the control group,and biofloc culture(BF,70%feeding amount of the CW group)was set as the experimental group.There were 3 tanks in each group and 18 individuals of Pacific white shrimp(3.17±0.37)g per tank cultured for 42 days,recorded the feeding rate of Pacific white shrimp,measured the body weight and body composition of the Pacific white shrimp,and calculated the growth index.The results showed:(1)the average water temperature in the CW group was(21.3±2.0)℃,the average daily food intake rate of Pacific white shrimp was(1.87±0.30)%,which did not change significantly(P>0.05),and there was no significant correlation between water temperature and the average daily food intake rate of Pacific white shrimp(P>0.05).(2)From 31 to 42 days,the water temperature of the BF group was significantly higher than that in the CW group(P<0.05).(3)With the food intake rate only 70%in the CW group,the final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and body composition of Pacific white shrimp in the BF group and the CW group were not significantly different(P>0.05).There were significantly higher feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency in the Pacific white shrimp in the BF group than those in the CW group(P<0.05).It was found that in the low temperature season,compared with clean water culture,the indoor biofloc culture mode effectively improved the feed conversion ratio of the Pacific white shrimp and maintained higher water temperature,while the growth rate of the Pacific white shrimp did not showed significant difference.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 生物絮团 水温 饲料转化效率 

分 类 号：S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]