20世纪以来治黄方略与流域管理体系演变关系研究  

Interaction of the Strategy of the Yellow River and Its Management System Since the 20^(th) Century

作　　者：陈方舟 王瑞芳[1,2] CHEN Fangzhou;WANG Ruifang(Contemporary China Institute,Beijing 100009,China;School of History and Culture,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]当代中国研究所,北京100009 [2]河南大学历史文化学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《人民黄河》2022年第5期61-66,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDB049);中国社会科学院博士后创新基金资助项目(ZBH20191040)。

摘　　要：20世纪初,国家江河管理体系从传统向现代变革。黄河水利委员会的成立,开启了现代黄河管理新阶段。黄河治理经历了从以工程措施为主,到将黄河水沙视为资源,在全河和流域的层级进行用水量的强制性调配,最终走向以维持黄河健康生命为终极目标的流域综合治理之路的发展过程。从治黄方略演变入手,结合自然与社会背景,对20世纪以来黄河管理体系的发展进行阶段划分,分析各阶段治黄方略与管理体系互动的特点。指出,流域管理体系作为治黄方略推进的政治保障,其演变与发展以治黄方略为标,不断调整完善;治黄实践中对黄河水沙从控制到利用的认知,决定了流域管理视野的扩展与综合统筹能力的提升。In the early 20;Century, National Water Administration System had been changed from tradition to modernity. The establishment of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission had opened a new stage of modern Yellow River management. From controlling the water-sediment only by hydraulic engineering works at first, people learned to consider it as resources regularly, utilize these resources by means of macro-control management, and finally, achieve the goal of keeping healthy life of the Yellow River. This paper researched the strategy of the Yellow River which combined natural and social context, to analyze the characteristic of the relationship between the strategies and the management system for each phase. It pointed out that as a guarantee of implementing the strategy of the Yellow River, the evolution of the Yellow River Basin management system should always surround the contemporaneous strategy. Furthermore, the cognitive changes process about dealing with the water-sediment had decided the level of comprehensive watershed management ability.

关 键 词：治黄方略 演变 流域 管理体系 互动 

分 类 号：TV62[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV882.1