全球价值链视角下中国隐含碳贸易转移路径研究  

Research on the Transfer Path of China's Trade in Carbon Emissions from the Perspective of Global Value Chain

作　　者：张灵 孙华平[2] Zhang Ling;Sun Huaping

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学城市经济与公共管理学院 [2]江苏大学财经学院、产业经济研究院

出　　处：《经济研究参考》2022年第5期39-62,共24页Review of Economic Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“绿色转型视角下中国深度融入全球低碳经济治理机制研究”(No.21AZD067);首都经济贸易大学青年学术创新团队项目(No.QNTD202209)。

摘　　要：本文基于1990~2015年Eora26跨国投入产出数据,分析了中国与主要发达国家以及“一带一路”沿线国家的全球价值链参与结构和进出口碳贸易转移路径。研究发现,进入21世纪以来,中国在全球价值链中的嵌入程度逐步加深,但嵌入的分工位置亟待提升、低端锁定效应明显,引致环境问题加剧。通过深入挖掘中国在进出口贸易中的隐含碳转移路径,发现中国的隐含碳贸易发生的行业主要集中在电力、煤气及水的生产和供应业,石油、化工和非金属矿物产品业和交通运输业。1990~2015年间,中国出口到发达国家的生产碳是进口值的近4倍,流入主要“一带一路”沿线国家的生产碳也略高于进口值。中国出口贸易中的隐含碳流向以美国、日本和德国为主的发达国家和新加坡、印度、泰国和马来西亚等“一带一路”沿线国家,中国为美国承担了大量的生产碳。基于上述研究,本文就发展全球绿色低碳贸易、推进绿色“一带一路”建设、促进国际能源绿色开发与合作等提出了相关政策建议。Based on the Eora26 data from 1990 to 2015, this paper analyzed the global value chain participation structure and the transfer path of import and export trade in carbon among China, major developed countries and countries along the Belt and Road. It can be found that since the beginning of the 21 st century, China’s embeddedness into the global value chain has gradually deepened, but the position of the embedded division of labor needs to be improved, and the low-end locking effect is obvious. This has led to the aggravation of environmental problems. Digging into China’s implicit carbon transfer path in import and export trade, it is found that the industries in which China’s carbon trade occurs are mainly concentrated in the electric power, gas and hydraulic production and supply industry, petroleum and chemical industry, and non-metallic industry, and transportation. From 1990 to 2015, China’s export in carbon to developed countries was nearly four times that of its import, and the export in carbon that flowed into major countries along the Belt and Road was also slightly higher than the import value. China’s export in carbon flows to developed countries, mainly the United States, Japan, and Germany. And the export in carbon flows to the main countries along the Belt and Road including Singapore, India, Thailand, and Malaysia. In the process, China had born a large amount of carbon production for the United States. Finally, policy suggestions on the global low-carbon trade development, the cooperation of green energy deployment and low-carbon technology innovation, and the promoting green Belt and Road construction are put forward, which is of great practical significance for China to further integrate into the green global value chain and promote green, coordinated and sustainable development.

关 键 词：全球价值链 隐含碳 发达国家 “一带一路”沿线国家 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济] X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程]