护患双方评估老年住院患者护理需求的差异及影响因素分析  

Differences between nurses and patients in assessing nursing needs of elderly inpatients and its influencing factors

作　　者：陈蕾[1] 刘金平[2] 刘淑贤[3] Chen Lei;Liu Jinping;Liu Shuxian(Nursing Department,Beijing Tongren Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China;Geriatrics Department,Beijing Tongren Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China;Ophthalmology Department,Beijing Tongren Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院护理部,北京100730 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院老年医学科,北京100730 [3]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科,北京100730

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2022年第11期1515-1519,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：首都护理学研究专项项目面上课题(16HL15)。

摘　　要：目的调查老年住院患者的护理需求,分析护患双方的评估差异及影响因素。方法采用便利抽样与分层抽样结合的方法,以科室为单位,选取于2021年6月1日—10月1日在首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院住院部办理入院的老年患者为研究对象,对患者及其责任护士进行问卷调查,采用多重线性回归分析患者护理需求的影响因素。结果老年住院患者护理需求自评中,安全需求维度得分最高,其次是生理需求、自尊需求、爱与归属需求和自我实现需求,患者自评的生理需求、自我实现需求和总需求得分与护士他评得分呈正相关(P<0.05);多重线性回归分析结果显示,患者护理需求自评得分的影响因素为患者年龄、自理情况、家庭人均月收入、健康状况自评和医疗保健花费(P<0.05);护士他评方面得分的影响因素为患者年龄和自理情况(P<0.05)。结论老年住院患者的护理需求较高,护患双方的认知存在差异,应根据患者实际护理需求特征制订因需施护的护理措施,提高护理效果。Objective To investigate the nursing needs of elderly inpatients and analyze the evaluation differences between nurses and patients and the influencing factors.Methods Using a combination of the convenient sampling and stratified sampling,taking the department as the unit,the elderly patients who were admitted to Inpatient Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 1 to October 1,2021 were selected as the research objects.A questionnaire survey was conducted on patients and their responsible nurses.The multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of nursing needs of patients.Results In the self-assessment of nursing needs of elderly inpatients,the dimension of safety needs had the highest score,followed by physiological needs,self-esteem needs,love and belonging needs and self-actualization needs.The patients'self-assessed physiological needs,self-actualization needs and total score of needs were positively correlated with nurses'rating scores(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of patients'self-assessment of nursing needs were patient's age,self-care situation,per capita monthly household income,self-assessment of health status and medical care expenditure(P<0.05).The influencing factors of nurses'rating scores were patients'age and self-care situation(P<0.05).Conclusions The nursing needs of elderly inpatients are high,and there are differences in the cognition of both nurses and patients.Nursing measures should be formulated according to the actual nursing needs of patients to improve the nursing effect.

关 键 词：老年人 住院患者 护理需求 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]