微柱压缩试验:在役设备强度的微损测试法  

Macro pillar compression testing:A less-destructive method for obtaining strengths of in-service equipment

作　　者：章骁程[1] 徐彤[2] 关凯书[1] ZHANG Xiaocheng;XU Tong;GUAN Kaishu(East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;China Special Equipment Inspection&Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学,上海200237 [2]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《压力容器》2022年第3期26-33,64,共9页Pressure Vessel Technology

摘　　要：对压力容器和管道进行适用性评估(FFS)并延长它们的使用寿命可以带来巨大的经济和社会效益,适用性评估的前提是准确地获取材料的力学性能。提出了一种新的现场力学性能测试方法——微柱压缩试验,在设备表面制备试样并完成力学性能测试。与小冲杆测试相比,测试效率更高;与仪器化压痕法相比,不依赖本构方程、不受残余应力影响。研究了微柱压缩试验的测试原理、试样加工方法和测试方法,并提出一种求解微柱真应力-应变曲线的半解析方法;最后,使用23CrMoNiWV88,A508 Gr.3,SA182 F316L三种钢进行了验证,微柱压缩试验获得的屈服强度和抗拉强度与单轴拉伸试验相比,最小误差为5.0%,最大误差为8.1%。Applying Fitness-For-Service(FFS)assessment to pressure vessels and pipelines and extending their service life can bring huge economic and social benefits.The premise of applying the FFS assessment is to accurately obtain the mechanical properties of materials.A new method of testing mechanical properties on site named macro pillar compression testing(MPCT),where the specimen is prepared on site and mechanical properties are tested.The test is more efficient than the small bar test;Compared with instrumental indentation,it does not rely on constitutive equations and is not affected by residual stresses.The testing principles and methods of processing and testing of the specimens for the macro-pillar compression testing were studied,and a semi-analytical method to determine the true stress-strain curve of the pillar was proposed.Finally,three steels 23CrMoNiWV88,A508 Gr.3 and SA182 F316L were used to verify the correctness of the semi-analytical method.The minimum and maximum errors between yield strength and tensile strength obtained in the macro-pillar compression testing and the uniaxial tensile test are 5.0%,and 8.1%,respectively.

关 键 词：微柱压缩试验 现场测试 适用性评估 材料强度 

分 类 号：TH140.7[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB302[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]