宝鸡市居民健康素养与新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控知信行的关系  

Relationship of health literacy with COVID-19 prevention and control knowledge,attitude and practice in general population of Baoji city

作　　者：闫玮 庄天艺 杨培荣 邓峰[3] 庄贵华[1] YAN Wei;ZHUANG Tianyi;YANG Peirong;DENG Feng;ZHUANG Guihua(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center,Xi’an 710061;Xi’an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi’an 710054;Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoji 721006,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,陕西西安710061 [2]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054 [3]宝鸡市疾病预防控制中心,陕西宝鸡721006

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2022年第3期468-475,共8页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：西安市新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情应急防治科技专项(20200005YX005);秦农银行-西安交大新冠专项项目。

摘　　要：目的探讨居民健康素养与新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情防控知信行的关系,为加强健康教育,提高全民健康素养,抵御突发重大传染病疫情威胁提供科学依据。方法2020年9月在宝鸡市全部县区采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取调查对象并完成问卷调查。问卷由中国健康教育中心下发,包含健康素养问卷和新冠肺炎疫情防控知信行问卷。按照国家统一评分方法,将调查对象划分为健康素养总评达标与未达标两组。采用χ2检测或秩和检验比较两组各知信行问题回答结果的差异,采用多因素二元Logistic回归控制社会人口学因素的干扰得出相对可靠的结论。结果收回有效问卷4544份,健康素养总评达标664人(14.60%),未达标3880人(85.40%)。相比未达标组,达标组在10条(共11条)知识问题上显著提高正答率(P均<0.001);在防控传染病流行公民应该承担的责任、对新冠肺炎相关信息发布和报道的评价、对政府新冠肺炎疫情防控成效的评价三个方面态度各问题上均显示明显积极(P均<0.001);在6条(共7条)新冠肺炎疫情期间自我防控的适宜行为问题上表现明显主动(P均<0.001)。Logistic回归分析证实,健康素养总评达标对新冠肺炎疫情防控知信行各调查内容均有积极促进作用(各OR值在1.44至4.09之间,P均<0.001),并且,相比各社会人口学因素,健康素养总评的回归系数的绝对值最大。用Logistic回归分析健康素养的六个健康维度分别与知信行的关系发现,安全与急救、传染病预防、健康信息的关联最为密切。结论宝鸡市居民健康素养与新冠肺炎疫情防控知信行存在密切关系。针对性地开展健康教育,提高居民健康素养对应对突发重大传染病疫情威胁会起到重要的积极作用。Objective To explore the relationship of health literacy with COVID-19 prevention and control knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)in general population so as to contribute scientific evidence for strengthening health education and promoting health literacy to resist the threat of major infectious disease outbreaks.Methods In September 2020,a questionnaire survey was conducted in residents selected by a multi-stage random sampling across all the twelve counties/districts of Baoji city.The questionnaire,which was issued by the Chinese Health Education Center,consisted of a health literacy questionnaire and a COVID-19 prevention and control KAP questionnaire.According to the national unified scoring method,the participants were divided into two groups:those who met and those who failed to meet the overall standard of health literacy.The results of the answer to each KAP question were compared between the two groups by Chi-square test or rank sum test.Multivariate binary Logistic regression was used to control confounding effects of socio-demographic characteristics to draw relatively reliable conclusions.Results A total of 4544 valid questionnaires were collected,in which 664(14.60%)met the overall standard of health literacy,but 3880(85.40%)failed to do so.Compared with the unmet group,the met group had a higher correct answer rate in 10 of the 11 knowledge-related questions(all P<0.001);showed more positive answer to each attitude-related question in the three aspects,namely,responsibility for the prevention and control of infectious disease transmission,evaluation for COVID-19-related information release and reporting,and evaluation for the government’s COVID-19 prevention and control results(all P<0.001);and acted more actively in 6 of the 7 practice concerning appropriate self-prevention and control behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak(all P<0.001).Logistic regression analyses confirmed that achieving the overall standard of health literacy played a positive role in each of the contents of COVID-19 preventi

关 键 词：健康素养 新型冠状病毒肺炎 知识 态度 行为 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]