不同维度下层间多次波正演模拟及其应用  

Modeling internal multiples in different dimensions and its applications

作　　者：黄建东 胡天跃[1] 谢飞 肖彦君 魏哲枫 朱成宏[2] 刘韬[2] HUANG Jiandong;HU Tianyue;XIE Fei;XIAO Yanjun;WEI Zhefeng;ZHU Chenghong;LIU Tao(School of Earth and Space Science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油物探》2022年第3期433-443,共11页Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0702503);国家自然科学基金(41674122);国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05004003)共同资助。

摘　　要：实际陆上地震数据中存在严重的层间多次波,利用数值正演模拟方法可以帮助理解层间多次波的生成机理。常用的全波场数值模拟方法无法将一次反射波和层间多次波单独分离,缺乏灵活性。为此提出了一种新的层间多次波数值模拟方法,该方法基于反射率模型,将地震波传播过程与多次波分阶过程单独分开,通过循环递归方式灵活地实现不同阶次的层间多次波模拟,采用傅里叶有限差分法进行波场延拓以提高地震波的横向传播精度,同时在不同维度的模型中实现层间多次波高精度数值模拟。数值实例表明,层间多次波分阶模拟可以有效地分离不同阶次的层间多次波,记录到的总地震波场数据是各阶层间多次波的组合(一阶反射波认为是0阶多次波)。新的层间多次波数值模拟方法还可以帮助识别和预测深部储层上覆地层产生的层间多次波,指导速度分析,提高储层解释的精度。Internal multiple reflections are a serious challenge for real land seismic data.Numerical simulations can help us to understand the generation mechanisms of internal multiples.The traditional full-wavefield numerical simulation method cannot separate the primaries and internal multiples,and the method lacks flexibility.Based on reflectivity models,the numerical simulation method of internal multiples proposed in this study shows the simulation of different orders of internal multiples with cyclic recursion,and the Fourier finite difference method is adapted as the wavefield propagation operator to improve the lateral propagation accuracy of seismic waves.This method separates the propagation and by-step simulation processes,and flexibly computes internal multiples for different orders.High-precision numerical simulations of internal multiples can be achieved in different dimensions.Numerical examples show that the internal multiple-by-step simulation can effectively separate the internal multiples of different orders and that the total recorded seismic wavefield data is a combination of different-order multiples.This method can also help to identify and predict the internal multiples generated by the overlying strata in deep reservoirs to guide velocity analysis and enhance the accuracy of reservoir interpretation.

关 键 词：层间多次波 数值模拟 傅里叶有限差分 地震波传播 波场分阶 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]