2019-2020年河南省洛阳市健康人群白喉和破伤风抗体水平监测  

Serological surveillance of diphtheria and tetanus antibody levels among healthy population in Luoyang city,Henan province,during 2019-2020

作　　者：杨闪[1] 刘建明 田鹏[1] 张露露 YANG Shan;LIU Jianming;TIAN Peng;ZHANG Lulu(Luoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luoyang,471000 Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳市疾病预防控制中心,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2022年第4期294-296,共3页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解洛阳市健康人群白喉、破伤风抗体水平,为调整免疫策略提供依据。方法采取多阶段随机抽样的方法选取调查点和1208名调查对象,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定被调查者血清中的白喉和破伤风IgG。结果洛阳市健康人群白喉和破伤风抗体阳性率分别为80.05%和71.11%;均男性高于女性(χ^(2)_(白喉)=11.099,χ^(2)_(破伤风)=17.269,均P<0.05);年龄组间差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(白喉)=257.916,χ^(2)_(破伤风)=552.593,均P<0.05),白喉和破伤风抗体阳性率分别在1~2岁和3~4岁达到高峰,均于40~59岁降至最低;有免疫史者抗体阳性率均高于无免疫史及免疫史不详者(χ^(2)_(白喉)=194.332,χ^(2)_(破伤风)=458.593,均P<0.05)。结论洛阳市健康人群白喉和破伤风抗体阳性率较高,但成人抗体阳性率下降明显,建议开展成人含白喉和破伤风成分疫苗的加强免疫。Objective To understand the antibody levels of diphtheria and tetanus among healthy population in Luoyang city,and provide evidence for adjusting the immunization strategy.Methods Multi-stage random sampling was used to select survey sites and subjects,and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine the IgG antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus in the serum of respondents.Results The positive rates of diphtheria and tetanus antibodies among healthy population in Luoyang were 80.05% and 71.11%,respectively.The positive rates of diphtheria and tetanus antibody were both higher in males than those in females(χ^(2)_(diphtheria)=11.099,χ^(2)_(tetanus)=17.269,both P<0.05);there were statistically significant differences in positive rates of diphtheria and tetanus antibodies among age groups(χ^(2)_(diphtheria)=257.916,χ^(2)_(tetanus)=552.593,both P<0.05);the positive rates of diphtheria antibody and tetanus antibody reached the peak at 1-2 years old and 3-4 years old,respectively,and then both decreased to the lowest at 40-59 years old.The positive rates of antibody in the people with the history of vaccination were higher than those with no/unknow history of vaccination(χ^(2)_(diphtheria)=194.332,χ^(2)_(tetanus)=458.593,both P<0.05).Conclusion The positive rates of diphtheria and tetanus antibody in healthy population in Luoyang city are relatively high,but the positive rate of antibody in adults is significantly decreased.It is suggested that the vaccination with the vaccine containing diphtheria and tetanus should be strengthened in the adults.

关 键 词：白喉 破伤风 抗体水平 健康人群 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]