酸性电解水过程中氧析出反应的机理及铱基催化剂的研究进展  

Research Progress of Mechanism of Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Development of Ir-based Catalysts

作　　者：王雪[1,2] 王意波[1,2] 王显 祝建兵 葛君杰[1,2] 刘长鹏 邢巍[1,2] WANG Xue;WANG Yi-Bo;WANG Xian;ZHU Jian-Bing;GE Jun-Jie;LIU Chang-Peng;XING Wei(Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources,Changchun Insititute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春应用化学研究所,先进电源实验室,长春130022 [2]中国科学技术大学,合肥230026

出　　处：《应用化学》2022年第4期616-628,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2020YFB1506802);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(No.XDA21090400);吉林省科技发展计划(Nos.20190201300JC,20200201001JC))资助。

摘　　要：可持续能源的迅速发展,使绿色清洁的氢能源成为热点。质子交换膜(PEM)水电解是一项很有前途的技术,可高效生产高纯度氢气。IrO_(2)作为质子交换膜(PEM)水电解槽阳极氧析出反应(OER)的商用电催化剂,既能在强酸性、高强度腐蚀条件下保持稳定,又表现出优异的催化性能。然而,由于Ir的稀缺性和昂贵的价格,提高Ir基催化剂的OER活性,开发低Ir催化剂就显得至关重要。对其反应机理的认知是当前的研究热点之一,也是设计优异的OER催化剂的关键所在。因此,首先从OER机理出发,对目前被广泛认可的吸附物逸出机理(AEM)和晶格氧逸出机理(LOER)两种反应机理进行了研究。随后,根据所提出的这两种机理,介绍了OER催化剂设计的基本准则,即调控Ir基催化剂的电子结构,改善反应中间物种在催化活性位点上的吸附能,从而提高OER催化活性。并从催化剂的结构设计、形貌控制、载体材料3个方面简单概述了最近OER催化剂的研究进展。最后,在已有研究的基础上,提出了目前OER催化剂面临的困难与挑战,这为以后相关的研究指明了方向。The rapid development of sustainable energy has made green and clean hydrogen energy a hot spot. Proton exchange membrane(PEM)water electrolysis is a promising technology that can efficiently produce high-purity hydrogen. IrO_(2),the-state-of-the-art electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),can not only overcome the high corrosion conditions in acidic media,but also exhibit superior catalytic performance. However,due to the scarcity and high price of Ir,it is crucial to develop low-Ir catalysts and improve the OER activity. The study of its reaction mechanism is one of the current research hotspots,and it is also the key to the design of excellent OER catalysts. The conventional adsorbate evolution mechanism(AEM)and lattice oxygen evolution reaction mechanism(LOER)are introduced. Subsequently,based on the two proposed mechanisms,the basic design principles of OER catalysts are introduced,namely,regulating the electronic structure of Ir-based catalysts, improving the adsorption energy of reaction intermediate species on the catalytic active sites,thereby increasing the catalytic activity of OER. It also briefly summarizes the recent research progress of OER catalysts from the three aspects of catalyst structure design,morphology control,and support materials,and the recent research progress of OER catalysts is briefly summarized. Moreover,several unresolved problems are put forward on the basis of the existing OER catalysts,which points out the direction for further research.

关 键 词：质子交换膜电解水技术 氧析出反应 Ir基催化剂 吸附物逸出机理 晶格氧逸出机理 

分 类 号：O643[理学—物理化学]