气候变化背景下关中地区葡萄水分盈亏变化特征  

Variation characteristics of grape water surplus and deficit in Guanzhong region under climate change

作　　者：宋天媛 陈滇豫 胡笑涛[1] 王文娥[1] 汝晨 何雪霞 SONG Tianyuan;CHEN Dianyu;HU Xiaotao;WANG Wene;RU Chen;HE Xuexia(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2022年第3期88-94,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0201508);国家自然科学基金(52079113)。

摘　　要：为研究关中西部半湿润地区葡萄水分盈亏情况,本文通过Mann-Kendall趋势检验、滑动t检验及Morlet小波分析等方法分析1990—2019年间葡萄需水量年际变化特征,通过水分盈亏指数(CWSDI)分析各月份及全生育期水分供应情况,以期为关中地区葡萄科学灌溉提供参考。结果表明:葡萄全生育期需水量在2015年发生突变后呈显著上升趋势,需水量变化的第一主周期为15 a。葡萄生育期内需水量总体呈先增加后减小趋势,各水文年型需水量差异在果实膨大期达到最大。不同水文年型均有发生干旱的可能性,其中葡萄6月份正值果实膨大期,但CWSDI呈降低趋势,应及时监测葡萄水分情况,防止水分亏缺造成减产。To explore grape water surplus and deficit in the semi humid area of western Guanzhong,inter-annual change feature of grapes during 1990-2019 was analyzed using Mann-Kendall trend test,sliding t-test and Morlet wavelet analysis.Based on the crop water surplus deficit index(CWSDI),the water supplies in each month and the whole growth period were analyzed to offer referential guidance for grape irrigation scientifically in Guanzhong.According to the results,during the whole growth period,the major water demands of grapes unexpectedly changed in 2015 and then increased.The first main cycle of water demands change was 15 years.The water demands of grape underwent first increase and then decrease during the whole growth stage.The difference of water requirement of each hydrological year reached the maximum amount during the fruit expansion period.Drought was likely to happen in different hydrological years,in which,June was exactly the season for the expansion of grape fruits.However,CWSDI took on a decrease trend.Therefore,considering the reality,water contents of grapes should be monitored to prevent harvest failure from water deficit.

关 键 词：水分盈亏 气候变化 葡萄 需水量 干旱等级 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S161.6[农业科学—园艺学]