水稻灌区降雨径流特征及其影响因素研究  

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rainfall-Runoff in Rice Irrigation District

作　　者：刘凤丽[1] 熊玉江 范乐 邵培寅 LIU Feng-li;XIONG Yu-jiang;FAN Le;SHAO Pei-yin(Agricultural Water Conservancy Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,Hubei Province,China;College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu Province,China;College of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江科学院农业水利研究所,武汉430010 [2]河海大学农业科学与工程学院,南京210098 [3]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第5期95-100,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1508303);长江科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费用项目(CKSF2019174/NY);江西省水利厅重大科技项目(202022ZDKT07);国家自然科学基金(51709010)。

摘　　要：为了研究水稻灌区降雨径流特征及其影响因素,以高邮灌区典型圩区为试验区开展不同尺度排水监测,利用农田涝水模型模拟不同降雨、稻田初始蓄水深度对农田降雨径流的影响机制。结果表明:降雨量是影响稻田排水量的主要原因,稻田排水总量随着降雨量的增加而增加,降雨雨型对稻田排水总量影响较小,而对稻田排水过程分布影响较为显著;稻田初始蓄水深度每增加1 cm,稻田排水量增加量约为10 mm,合理调控稻田水分能够减少稻田排水量,增加灌区防洪排涝能力;平原水稻灌区排水存在明显尺度效应,2013年和2014年排水支沟尺度排水量分别较稻田尺度减少35.8%和38.9%。To study the characteristics and influencing factors of rainfall-runoff in the rice irrigation districts,a typical polder area of Gaoyou Irrigation District was taken as the experimental area to carry out different scale drainage monitoring.The farmland waterlogging process model was used to simulate the influence mechanism of rainfall and water management of paddy fields on farmland rainfall runoff.The results showed that rainfall was the main factor affecting the drainage amount of the paddy field,and the total drainage amount increased with the increase of rainfall.The drainage amount of the paddy field was 163.80,135.22 and 113.78 mm,respectively,in the recurrence period of 50,20 and 10 years.Rainfall type has little effect on the total amount of paddy drainage but has a significant effect on the distribution of the paddy drainage process.When the initial water storage depth increases by 1cm,the increase of paddy drainage is about 10mm.Reasonable regulation of paddy water can reduce paddy drainage and increase flood control and drainage standards in irrigation districts.A scale effect in the drainage of plain rice irrigation areas was found in our study.In 2013 and 2014,the drainage of branch ditch scale decreased by 35.8%and 38.9%,respectively,compared with the paddy field scale.

关 键 词：水稻灌区 降雨 地表径流 影响因素 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程] S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]