基于动态规划模型的水资源优化配置——以泰来灌区为例  

Optimal allocation of water resources based on dynamic programming model-Taking Tailai Irrigation District as an example

作　　者：徐淑琴 徐恩典 马圣洁 XU Shuqin;XU Endian;MA Shengjie(School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2022年第4期70-79,共10页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404503)。

摘　　要：近年来,我国北方灌区由于沟渠冲淤、骨干渠道衬砌不足等问题,水资源仍有浪费现象,影响灌区总体效益发挥。为保证灌区正常运行,发挥自然优势,提高粮食产量和质量,对灌区骨干工程进行配套和节水改造,但单位面积内净效益问题仍亟待解决。在建立基于单位面积经济效益最大的动态规划模型基础上,采用在传统GA算子中引进镜像算子(Mirror)、元组(Cell)操作和对比种群淘汰库方式,改进GA算法为ASGA镜像遗传算法,优化灌溉制度,实现灌区合理灌水,稳步提升经济效益和灌区水资源利用效率,以此模型优化经配套和节水改造的灌区,达到提高灌区单位面积净效益目的。以泰来灌区为例,采用ASGA镜像遗传算法对灌区水资源进行优化配置及其作物生育期内水量调配。优化后,分别在P=50%、75%、90%灌溉设计保证率情况下,灌区灌溉水量在8120、10850、13170 m^(3)时,灌区单位面积经济效益达到最大值,分别为0.8715、0.9132、0.9048 CNY∙m^(-2)。分析发现,通过增加灌水量提高灌区整体经济效益的方法并不可取,在水资源不足或水价上涨情况下,非充分灌溉制度更合理。In recent years,due to scouring and silting of ditches and insufficient lining of backbone channels in northern irrigation areas in China,water resources are still wasted,which affects the overall benefit of irrigation areas.In order to ensure the normal operation of the irrigation area,give full play to the natural advantages,and improve the grain yield and quality,the supporting and water-saving renovation of the key projects of the irrigation area has been carried out,but whether the maximum net benefit per unit area can be guaranteed is still a big problem.Based on the establishment of a dynamic programming model with the greatest economic benefit per unit area,this paper adopted the method of introducing mirror operator(Mirror),tuple(cell)operation and comparing the population elimination library in the traditional GA operator.The improved GA algorithm was that ASGA mirror genetic algorithm optimized the irrigation system,realized reasonable irrigation in the irrigation area,and steadily improved the economic benefit and the water resource utilization efficiency of the irrigation area.This model optimized the irrigation area that had undergone matching and water-saving transformation,and achieved the purpose of improving the net benefit per unit area of the irrigation area.Taking Tailai irrigation district as an example,ASGA mirror genetic algorithm was used to optimize the allocation of water resources in the irrigation district and the allocation of water during the growing period of crops.After optimization,under the conditions of P=50%,75%and 90%of the irrigation design guarantee rate,respectively,when the irrigation water volume in the irrigation area was 8120,10850 and 13170 m^(3),the economic benefit per unit area of the irrigation area reached the maximum value,which was 0.8715,0.9132,0.9048 CNY·m^(-2),respectively.And through analysis,it was found that it was not advisable to blindly increase the overall economic benefit of the irrigation area by increasing the amount of irrigation water.In the cas

关 键 词：需水预测 经济效益 优化配置 动态规划模型 ASGA优化算法 

分 类 号：S277[农业科学—农业水土工程]