纳木错裸鲤染色体组的构成及倍性分析  

Chromosome composition and ploidy analysis of endemic Gymnocypris namensis

作　　者：山谷 郭文轩 李信 周子昱 马可馨 肖世俊 周贺 刘海平 SHAN Gu;GUO Wenxuan;LI Xin;ZHOU Ziyu;MA Kexin;XIAO Shijun;ZHOU He;LIU Haiping(College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;Jiaxing Key Laboratory for New Germplasm Breeding of Economic Mycology, Jiaxing 314000, China;Institute of Fisheries Science, Tibet Autonomous Region Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]嘉兴市经济菌物新种质资源创制重点实验室,浙江嘉兴314000 [3]西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2022年第2期251-257,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32072980)。

摘　　要：为探究西藏纳木错湖唯一经济鱼类纳木错裸鲤Gymnocypris namensis的染色体组构成,用3尾纳木错裸鲤(体质量为276.1~682.5 g)的肾脏进行染色体标本制备,采用吉姆萨(Giemsa)、Ag-NORs和CMA_(3)/DAPI双重荧光染色等方法对其染色体数目、核型、带型和倍性进行分析。结果表明:纳木错裸鲤染色体数目为4n=92,核型公式为40m+20sm+32t,NF=152,且不同个体染色体数目相同;纳木错裸鲤肾细胞染色体间期核中,呈现出银染点数为4个,有丝分裂中期分裂相银染点数为4个,均位于亚中部着丝粒染色体短臂的端部区域(SM2);纳木错裸鲤染色体中期分裂相中CMA_(3)阳性位点为4个,均位于SM2区域。研究表明,纳木错裸鲤不同个体间染色体数目及核型一致,是含有4套染色体组的遗传四倍体,本研究结果为纳木错裸鲤染色体组成研究提供了重要的遗传学证据。In this study,composition,karyotype and banding of chromosomes were observed in kidney of Gymnocypris namensis with body mass of 276.1-682.5 g collected in Namtso Lake in the Tibetan Plateau and injected with phytohemagglutinin(PHA)by Giemsa,Ag-NORs,and CMA_(3)/DAPI double-fluorescence staining analyses.The results showed that G.namensis has chromosome number of 4n=92,the karyotype formula of 40m+20sm+32t,NF=152,and the same number of chromosomes between individual fish.There were four Ag-NORs sites in interphase nuclei and metaphase spreads of G.namensis,located at the end region of the short arm of the submetacentric chromosome(SM2).There were four CMA_(3)-positive sites in the chromosome metaphase,located at the end region of the short arm of the submetacentric chromosome(SM2).In conclusion,individual G.namensis fish has the same chromosome number,is a genetic tetraploid with four sets of chromosomes.These findings provide important genetic evidence for the chromosome composition of G.namensis.

关 键 词：纳木错裸鲤 染色体数目 核型分析 银染 CMA_(3)/DAPI 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]