3种耐盐植物对水产养殖废水净化效果  

Effects of Three Varieties of Halophytes on the Purification of Aquaculture Waste Water

作　　者：王成强 相智巍 黄炳山 王忠全 王际英 李宝山 WANG Cheng-qiang;XIANG Zhi-wei;HUANG Bing-shan;WANG Zhong-quan;WANG Ji-ying;LI Bao-shan(Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute/Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration,Yantai 264006,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院/山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2022年第3期25-32,共8页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：烟台市科技计划项目(2020MSGY067);山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室开放课题(201911);海洋生物资源的开发与利用项目(220-0110-JBN-54EY)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究海马齿(Sesuvium portulacastrum)、碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)和江蓠(Gracilaria)等三种耐盐性植物对海水池塘养殖尾水中无机氮、总氮和总磷的净化效果。【方法】每种耐盐性植物设置3个密度梯度,每个梯度3个重复,实验周期为12 d,分析不同密度下单一品种对石斑鱼养殖尾水的处理效果。【结果】不同密度耐盐植物对水质修复有不同效果,其中1.5 g/L海马齿处理组、1.5 g/L碱蓬处理组和1.6 g/L江蓠处理组在单一处理实验中表现出较佳净化效果,对总氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N)和硝酸盐氮(NO3--N)的去处率分别为80.49%、70.28%和76.06%,73.39%、52.44%和74.38%,30.30%、31.24%和54.08%。对比发现,在对无机氮的去除率方面,1.6 g/L江蓠处理组对NO_(3)^(-)-N的去除率显著高于其他两组,对NO_(2)^(-)-N的去除率也显著高于1.5 g/L碱蓬处理组(P<0.05),而与1.5 g/L海马齿处理组无显著差异(P>0.05)。同时,1.6 g/L江蓠处理组对总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的去除率均显著高于1.5 g/L碱蓬处理组和1.5 g/L海马齿处理组(P<0.05)。在实验进行10 d后,高密度处理组的三种盐生植物对TN和TP的去除率明显降低。【结论】1.6 g/L江蓠处理组、1.5 g/L海马齿处理组和1.5 g/L碱蓬处理组表现出较佳的养殖废水净化效果,其中1.6 g/L江蓠处理组效果最佳。【Objective】To investigate the purification effects of Sesuvium portulacastrum,Suaeda salsa and Gracilaria on inorganic nitrogen,total nitrogen and total phosphorus of pond mariculture waste water.【Method】In this experiment,three varieties of halophytes were selected,respectively S.portulacastrum,S.salsa and Gracilaria.Three density gradients were set for each variety,and each gradient had three replicates.The experiment period was 12 days.The effects of different densities of a single variety on the purification of pond mariculture wastewater of grouper were analyzed.【Result】The halophytes of different densities had different effects on water quality restoration.The treatment groups of 1.5 g/L S.portulacastrum,1.5 g/L S.salsa and 1.6 g/L Gracilaria showed a better purification effect in a single treatment experiment,and the removal rates of total ammonia nitrogen(TAN),nitrite nitrogen(NO_(2)^(-)-N)and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)were 80.49%,70.28%and 76.06%;73.39%,52.44%and 74.38%;30.30%,31.24%and 54.08%,respectively.In terms of the removal rate of inorganic nitrogen,the removal rate of NO_(3)^(-)-N in the 1.6 g/L Gracilaria treatment group was significantly higher than those in the other two groups,and the removal rate of NO_(2)^(-)-N was also significantly higher than that in 1.5 g/L S.salsa treatment group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference,compared with the 1.5 g/L S.portulacastrum treatment group(P>0.05).Meanwhile,the removal rates of total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)in the 1.6 g/L Gracilaria treatment group were significantly higher than those in the 1.5 g/L S.portulacastrum and the 1.6 g/L Gracilaria treatment groups(P<0.05).In addition,the removal rate of TN and TP by the three halophytes in the high-density treatment group were significantly reduced after 10 days of the experiment.【Conclusion】The treatment groups of 1.6 g/L Gracilaria,1.5 g/L S.portulacastrum and 1.5 g/L S.salsa showed good purification effect,among which 1.6 g/L Gracilaria group had the best effec

关 键 词：海马齿 碱蓬 江篱 耐盐植物 养殖废水 氮磷营养盐 去除率 水质净化 

分 类 号：S959[农业科学—水产养殖]