德国绿党的中国叙事研究  

The China Narratives of the German Green Party

作　　者：陆娇娇 吴江 Lu Jiaojiao;Wu Jiang

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学德语学院,北京100089

出　　处：《国际论坛》2022年第3期114-131,159,共19页International Forum

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“后疫情时代德语国家的中国叙事话语研究”(项目批准号:21YJC860014)的阶段性成果;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(项目批准号:2020QD007+2022HY016)的资助。

摘　　要：在人文社会科学“叙事转向”影响下,叙事政策分析已发展为政策分析的重要方法,叙事被看作是影响政策过程与结果的核心手段。本文将这一方法引入德国绿党的对华政策分析,可梳理出该党十六年来的五类中国叙事:自由主义价值叙事、欧洲一体化叙事、落后国家叙事、全球挑战叙事和全球公平叙事。其中,前三类叙事占比51.1%,把中国建构为“竞争对手”;后两类叙事占比48.9%,把中国建构为“平等伙伴”与“合作对象”。两极分化的叙事分布充分反映了德国绿党的对华认知分裂。绿党以第二大党身份进入德国内阁,将直接影响德国新政府的对华决策。我国可依据德国绿党的“叙事分裂”有针对性地发出叙事声音,一方面运用叙事多元化策略与其展开国际叙事竞争,另一方面借助“人类命运共同体”叙事和共同价值叙事进行话语联盟,推动该党从“价值观外交”转向“务实外交”。此外,德国绿党的执政党身份有利于进一步挖掘中德叙事合作资源,提升中德之间实现话语联盟的可能性。Influenced by the“narrative turn”in the humanities and social sciences,narrative policy analysis has developed into an important approach to policy analysis.Narratives are seen as a central means in influencing policy processes and outcomes.Applying this approach to the analysis of the German Green Party’s China policy,this article sorts out its five types of China narratives in the past 16 years:the narratives of liberal values,European integration,China as a backward country,global challenges and global justice.Among them,the first three types of narratives account for 51.1%,viewing China as a“competitor”while the latter two types make up 48.9%,perceiving China as an“equal partner”and“cooperation partner”.The polarized narratives faithfully reflect the split in the German Green Party’s perceptions of China.As the Green Party has joined the German coalition as the second largest party,this will also directly influence the new German government’s China policy.Given this“narrative split”,we can make tailored narrative responses.On the one hand,we can compete with the Green Party for international narrative using the strategy of narrative diversification.On the other hand,we should help the Green Party transform its“values diplomacy”into“pragmatic diplomacy”by forging a narrative coalition with it,using the narrative of“community with a shared future for mankind”and the narrative of shared values.In addition,the status of the German Green Party as a ruling party is conducive to Sino-German narrative cooperation and the promotion of a discourse alliance between China and Germany.

关 键 词：中国叙事 德国绿党 叙事政策分析 对外政策 中德关系 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]