激光和LED补光对番茄幼苗生长、光合作用及生理生化特性的影响  

Effects of Laser and LED on Growth,Photosynthesis,Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Solanum lycopersicum Seedlings

作　　者：陈美香 陈雄[1,3] 申宝营 邱雯婷 王洪[1] 郭建 林火养[1] 刘银春 CHEN Meixiang;CHEN Xiong;SHEN Baoying;QIU Wenting;WANG Hong;GUO Jian;LIN Huoyang;LIU Yinchun(College of Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence,Fujian Polytechnic of Information Technology,Fuzhou,Fujian350001,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;College of Electronics and Information Science,Fujian Jiangxia University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108,China;College of Horticulture,Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建信息职业技术学院物联网与人工智能学院,福建福州350001 [2]福建农林大学机电工程学院,福建福州350002 [3]福建江夏学院电子信息科学学院,福建福州350108 [4]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2022年第3期335-343,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省教育厅省级第三批应用技术协同创新中心建设项目(闽教科[2018]105号);福建省教育厅科技项目A类(JAT190153)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索激光和LED补光对番茄幼苗生长、光合作用及生理生化特性的影响,为提高番茄幼苗品质提供科学依据。【方法】先采用CIRAS-3光合测定系统测定苗龄30d的番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)幼苗在3种单色激光和LED光(2红1蓝)辐照下叶片光合作用的光响应曲线,再以色温6000 K LED白光补少量蓝光和光合能力较强的红光进行番茄补光育苗试验,以LED白光育苗为对照。【结果】峰值波长650 nm红光辐照番茄幼苗光合能力最强(光合光量子通量密度PPFD<400μmol·m^(−2)·s^(−1)时),峰值波长650 nm和450 nm激光辐照番茄幼苗的光合能力均强于相同波长LED光辐照;白光同时补650 nm和450 nm激光处理的幼苗所有生长指标、最大净光合速率和水分利用率均显著大于补LED光处理(P<0.05),且这些指标均大于对照;所有试验组的光补偿点相同,白光同时补红蓝激光处理光饱和点最低;白光补激光比补LED光更显著地提高叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素、丙二醛(MDA)含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,但补光对超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性无显著影响。【结论】白光补激光特别是同时补650 nm和450 nm激光处理比补LED光对促进番茄幼苗生长、提高光合能力和抗氧化能力效果更佳。【Objective】Effects of laser and light-emitting diode(LED)exposures on growth,photosynthesis,and physiological and biochemical characteristics of Solanum lycopersicum seedlings were investigated.【Method】A CIRAS-3 system was used to determine the photosynthetic response of 30-d-old tomato seedlings exposed to 2 red and 1 blue monochromatic laser or LED.Then,using a color temperature of 6000 K white LED as control the seedling growth under the LED white light supplemented with a small amount of blue light along with the photosynthesis-stimulating red light as treatments was compared.【Result】The photosynthetic capacity of the seedlings exposed to 650nm red light was greater than the other wavelengths of red light when the photosynthetic quantum flux density PPFD was below 400μmol·m^(−2)·s^(−1).The capacities produced by laser of 650 nm and 450 nm were greater than LED of same wavelengths.The growth indicators,maximum net photosynthetic rate,and water use efficiency of the seedlings exposed to either laser or LED was greater than control,but laser significantly higher than LED(p<0.05).All treatments had a same light compensation point,but the seedlings grown under white LED supplemented with both 650 nm and 450 nm laser had the lowest light saturation point.In addition,laser was significantly more effective than LED in increasing the contents of chlorophyll a,carotenoid,and malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of peroxidase(POD),although it did not affect the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.【Conclusion】The white LED supplemented with laser,especially both 650nm and 450nm,significantly promoted the growth,photosynthetic capacity,and antioxidant activities of the tomato seedlings in comparison to LED supplementation.

关 键 词：番茄 激光 LED光 补光 光合作用 生理生化特性 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]