洮河上游紫果云杉群落土壤种子库特征及其与地上植被的关系  

Characteristics of Soil Seed Bank and Their Relationship with Aboveground Vegetation of Picea purpurea Community in Upstream of Taohe River

作　　者：李波 赵阳 刘婷 陈学龙 高本强 曹秀文 LI Bo;ZHAO Yang;LIU Ting;CHEN Xuelong;GAO Benqiang;CAO Xiuwen(Institute of Forestry Science of Bailongjiang in Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Bailongjiang National Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Zhouqu,Gansu 746300,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省白龙江林业科学研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃白龙江森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,甘肃舟曲746300

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2022年第4期705-714,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省林业科技创新与国际合作项目(KJCX202001,KJCX201909)。

摘　　要：该研究以甘肃洮河国家级自然保护区大峪沟林区(TH)、冶力关林区(YLG)、尕海-则岔国家级自然保护区则岔林区(GZ)的紫果云杉(Picea purpurea)天然林群落为研究对象,通过样地调查与萌发实验,分析洮河上游紫果云杉群落土壤种子库特征,以揭示洮河上游紫果云杉群落土壤种子库特征及与地上植被的关系,为紫果云杉群落恢复和管理提供依据。结果表明:(1)3个林区土壤种子库共萌发27科45属50种植物,种子库密度在958~1129粒/m^(2)之间,草本植物是构成研究区土壤种子库的主体。(2)3个林区紫果云杉群落土壤种子库垂直结构明显,物种数及种子密度随土层的加深呈减少趋势。(3)3个林区地上植被物种数大于土壤种子库物种数,相似性系数在0.15~0.23之间,表现为极不相似性;土壤种子库的多样性指数除Pielou指数高于地上植被外,Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数均低于地上植被。研究认为,洮河上游紫果云杉群落土壤种子库以草本植物为主,乔木和灌木的储量较小,特别是建群种紫果云杉的储量较小;地上植被和土壤种子库之间相互的贡献力较低,仅依靠紫果云杉林土壤种子库进行自然恢复,远不能缓解现阶段紫果云杉林退化的问题,因此需开展人工育苗、造林等措施来促进紫果云杉的更新与发展。This study understand the characteristics of soil seed bank in natural forest community dominated by Picea purpurea in Taohe National Nature Reserve Dayu forest regions(TH),Yeliguan forest regions(YLG)and Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve Zecha forest regions(GZ),Gansu Province,which revealed the characteristics of soil seed bank and its relationship with aboveground vegetation in P.purpurea community of Taohe River upstream.It provided basis for recovery and management of community of P.purpurea.The results showed that:(1)there were 50 species of soil seed bank in the 3 forest regions,which belonged to 45 genera and 27 families,the density of soil seed bank ranged from 958 to 1129 ind/m^(2),herbaceous plants composed the majority of the soil seed bank.(2)It was obvious of the vertical structure of soil seed banks,presenting species and density decreased with the increase of soil depth.(3)It showed that species of aboveground vegetation were more than soil seed bank,similarity coefficient between 0.15 and 0.23,which had extreme dissimilarity;Margalef richness index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Simpson dominance index of soil seed bank were lower than that of aboveground vegetation,but Pielou evenness index was higher.All in all,this study indicated that the soil seed bank in P.purpurea community of Taohe River upstream consisted largely of herbaceous plant.Thus,arbors and shrubs had smaller reserves,especially P.purpurea that was the constructive species.The contribution was lower between aboveground vegetation and soil seed bank,this implied that it was far from being able to alleviate the degradation of P.purpurea forest only by natural restoration of soil seed bank.Therefore,artificial seedling and afforestation measures will be needed to promote the regeneration and development of P.purpurea forest.

关 键 词：洮河上游 紫果云杉 土壤种子库 地上植被 

分 类 号：Q948.154[生物学—植物学]