14个青贮玉米品种在宁夏雨养区的生产性能和营养价值综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of the production performance and nutritional value of 14 silage maize varieties in rainfed areas of Ningxia

作　　者：曹立娟 张顺香 姚亚妮 王斌 李满有 沈笑天 谢应忠[1] 兰剑[1] CAO Lijuan;ZHANG Shunxiang;YAO Ya’ni;WANG Bin;LI Manyou;SHEN Xiaotian;XIE Yingzhong;LAN Jian(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Lund County Chengguan Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation,Guyuan 756000,Ningxia,China;Guyuan Yuanzhou District Rural Practical Technology Training Center,Guyuan 756000,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]隆德县城关畜牧兽医工作站,宁夏固原756000 [3]固原市原州区农村实用技术培训中心,宁夏固原756000

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第5期977-987,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)(NXYLXK2017A01);“一年两熟”人工草地可持续发展模式研究与示范项目(2020BBF02001);优质牧草品种引进种植研究与示范(2018ZWYQ0045)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适合宁夏雨养区种植的优质高产青贮玉米(Zea mays)品种,于2019–2020年在宁夏隆德县许沟村采用随机区组试验对14个青贮玉米品种进行适应性评价,利用主成分分析法(PCA)对其农艺性状、产量及营养成分等指标进行综合评价。结果表明:‘种星618’的株高最高(313.2 cm);‘SN211’的叶片数最多(15片·株^(−1));‘金刚50’的鲜草产量最高(99822.9 kg·hm^(−2)),显著高于其他品种(P<0.05)。淀粉含量大于30%的品种有3个,分别是‘银玉238’、‘SN211’、‘文玉3号’;茎秆糖锤度表现最优品种是‘银玉238’(9.14%);粗蛋白含量表现最优品种是‘百绿2900’(11.69%);‘金刚50’的中性洗涤纤维含量最低(39.72%),相对饲喂价值最高(144.92)。PCA综合评价得分居前5位的品种分别为‘SN211’、‘宁单46’、‘种星618’、‘金刚50’、‘文玉3号’,其中‘金刚50’、‘宁单46’、‘文玉3号’产量和品质最佳。因此,‘金刚50’、‘宁单46’、‘文玉3号’适宜在宁夏雨养区推广种植。To screen for high quality and high yield varieties of silage maize(Zea mays)suitable for planting in rainfed areas of Ningxia,the adaptability of 14 silage maize varieties was evaluated using a randomized block experiment in Xugou Village,Longde County,Ningxia from 2019 to 2020.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to comprehensively evaluate the agronomic traits,yield,and nutritional components.The results showed that‘Zhongxing 618’had the highest plant height(313.2 cm),‘SN211’had the largest number of leaves(15 per plant),and‘Jingang 50’had a fresh grass yield significantly higher than those of all other varieties(99822.9 kg·ha^(−1);P<0.05).There were three varieties with starch content greater than 30%,namely‘Yinyu 238’,‘SN211’,and‘Wenyu No.3’.The best variety with respect to stem sugar content was‘Yinyu 238’(9.14%).The best variety for crude protein content was‘Bailv 2900’(11.69%),while‘Jingang 50’had the lowest neutral detergent fiber content(39.72%)and the highest relative feeding value(144.92).The top five varieties based on PCA comprehensive evaluation score were‘SN211’,‘Ningdan 46’,‘Zhongxing 618’,‘Jingang 50’,and‘Wenyu No.3’,among which‘Jingang 50’,‘Ningdan 46’,and‘Wenyu No.3’had the best yield and quality.Therefore,by considering together the PCA score,yield,and quality,‘Jingang 50’,‘Ningdan 46’,and‘Wenyu No.3’were determined to be suitable for planting in rainfed areas of Ningxia.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 农艺性状 产量 牧草品质 茎秆糖锤度 主成分分析 宁夏雨养区 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S548S816.15