澜沧江小湾库区浮游动物群落结构特征及水质综合评价  

Community structure characteristics of zooplankton and comprehensive evaluation of water quality in Xiaowan Reservoir area of Lancang River

作　　者：王涛 彭梦 李罗新[2] 何秋杰 吴泽成 习佑军 谭凤霞 高雷[2] 柴毅 WANG Tao;PENG Meng;LI Luo-xin;HE Qiu-jie;WU Ze-cheng;XI You-jun;TAN Feng-xia;GAO Lei;CHAI Yi(Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland(Yangtze University)/College of Agriculture,Yangtze University/College of Animal Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,Hubei,China;Yunnan Xiaowan Ecological Fishery Co.Ltd.Fengqing 677000,Yunnan,China;Jingzhou Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Jingzhou 434020,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心/长江大学农学院/长江大学动物科学学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223 [3]云南小湾生态渔业有限公司,云南凤庆677000 [4]荆州市动物疫病预防控制中心,湖北荆州434020

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2022年第3期9-17,共9页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金(KFT202006);澜沧江小湾库区生态渔业发展规划项目(云南小湾生态渔业有限公司,2017);中国水产科学研究院创新团队项目(2020TD09)。

摘　　要：为探明澜沧江小湾库区浮游动物群落结构特征及水环境因子时空变化,于2017-2019年夏季对其干流和支流黑惠江16个样点进行采样调查。结果显示:澜沧江小湾库区夏季共鉴定出浮游动物4门54种,包括轮虫30种、原生动物10种、枝角类9种和桡足类5种,其干流丰度与生物量均低于支流,轮虫为主要优势种群,其中无节幼体(Nauplius)、汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorii)、广布中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops leuckarti)、长刺异尾轮虫(Trichocerca longiseta)、裂足臂尾轮虫(Brachionus diversicornis)是三年共有优势种。从浮游动物群落结构特征指数来看,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H)变化范围分别为0.063~0.247、0.049~0.282和0.075~0.270;Margalef丰富度指数(D)变化范围分别为1.603~2.646、1.022~4.340和0.596~2.680;Pielou均匀度指数(J)变化分别为0.036~0.107、0.013~0.081和0.022~0.079。综合营养指数(TLI)呈逐年上升趋势,部分采样点达到富营养化程度。综合浮游动物群落结构特征和H、D、J及TLI等多种评价方法分析表明,澜沧江小湾库区整体处于中度富营养化-富营养化状态,其中干流澜沧江富营养化程度较支流黑惠江低。In order to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of zooplankton community structure and water environmental factors in Xiaowan Reservoir of the Lancang River,16 sampling sites were set up in the main stream and tributaries of the Lancang River during the summer of 2017-2019.The results of the research shows that a total of 54 species of zooplankton from 4 phyla were identified in xiaowan reservoir area of Lancang River in summer,including 30 species of rotifera,10 species of protozoa,9 species of cladocera and 5 species of copepods.The abundance and biomass of zooplankton in the mainstream were lower than those in the tributaries.Rotifera were the dominant species in the Xiaowan Reservoir.And Nauplius,Sinocalanus dorii,Mesocyclops leuckarti,Trichocerca longiseta,and Brachionus diversicornis are the three-year common dominant species.The shannon-Wiener diversity index(H)varied from 0.063~0.247,0.049~0.282 and 0.075~0.270,respectively.Margalef richness index(D)ranged from 1.603~2.646,1.022~4.340 and 0.596~2.680,respectively.Pielou evenness index(J)varied from 0.036~0.107,0.013~0.081 and 0.022~0.079,respectively.The comprehensive nutrition index(TLI)increased by years.Some of the sampling sites reached eutrophication state.Comprehensive analysis of zooplankton community structure,diversity index(H,D,J)and the comprehensive nutrition index(TLI)showed that Xiaowan Reservoir area of lancang River was in a state of moderate eutrophication in which the eutrophication of the main stream was lower than that of the tributaries.

关 键 词：小湾库区 浮游动物 群落结构 环境因子 水质评价 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]