251份藜麦种质资源遗传多样性及分子身份证构建  

Genetic Diversity of 251 Germplasm Accessions and Construction of Molecular ID in Quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

作　　者：刘彬 赵雨露 杨鑫雷[1] 张建恒[1] 孙鑫博[1] 刘晓清[1] 温晓敏 耿艳楼 李悦有 穆国俊[1] 吕玮 LIU Bin;ZHAO Yu-lu;YANG Xin-lei;ZHANG Jian-heng;SUN Xin-bo;LIU Xiao-qing;WEN Xiao-min;GENG Yan-lou;LI Yue-you;MU Guo-jun;LYU Wei(North China State Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Regulation/(Zhang Bei)Rural Revitalization Research Institute/Agricultural College of Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Baoding 071001;National Semi-arid AgriculturalEngineering Technology Research Center,Hebei Shijiazhuang 050031;Desheng Pinganfu EcologicalAgriculture Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Hebei Zhangbei 076450)

机构地区：[1]华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室/(张北)乡村振兴研究院/河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001 [2]国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心,河北石家庄050031 [3]德胜平安福生态农业科技发展有限公司,河北张北076450

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第3期706-721,共16页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：坝上藜麦产业化关键技术开发与应用(19227527D);河北坝上特色作物节水高效技术集成与示范项目(21327005D);河北省重点研发计划项目现代种业科技专项(19226363D)。

摘　　要：藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)种质资源的准确鉴别是遗传多样性研究及藜麦种业和产业发展的前提和基础。本研究利用MultipSeq多重PCR扩增子捕获技术获得656个SNP,对251份藜麦种质资源进行遗传多样性分析,并利用perl脚本构建每份种质资源的DNA指纹图谱,基于指纹图谱信息构建个体分子身份证。群体遗传结构分析表明,251份种质资源被划分为2个类群Ⅰ和Ⅱ,分别对应安第斯高原型藜麦群和智利低海拔型藜麦群;类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ群体遗传多样性指数分别为0.0037和0.0036,群体分化指数为0.14;群体主成分分析结果与群体遗传结构分析结果完全一致,类群间存在部分遗传交叉现象;系统发育分析显示类群Ⅰ包括以玻利维亚、秘鲁为主的152份种质资源,类群Ⅱ包括以智利为主的99份种质资源,其中类群Ⅰ又进一步划分为Ⅰ-1和Ⅰ-2两个亚群,亚群Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2的Nei′s遗传距离为0.054。112份河北石家庄种质材料中,40份与玻利维亚种质群亲缘关系较近、24份与秘鲁种质群亲缘关系较近、48份与智利种质群亲缘关系较近。本研究构建的251份藜麦种质材料分子身份证能够达到对种质材料溯源和保护的作用,同时群体遗传多样性分析结果对于我国藜麦种质资源划分和系统整理具有一定的参考意义。The accurate identification of germplasm accessions is the prerequisite and basis for the diversity research on seed industry and industrialization development in quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.).In this study,the multiple PCR amplicon capture technology(MultipSeq)was adopted to obtain 656 SNPs used for the genetic diversity analysis of 251 quinoa germplasm accessions,and perl scripts were adopted to construct DNA fingerprints of each accession and personal ID cards were constructed based on the fingerprint information.The analysis of the population genetic structure showed that 251 germplasm accessions were divided into two subgroupsⅠandⅡ,corresponding to the Andean high-altitude quinoa groups and the Chilean low-altitude quinoa groups.TheⅠandⅡpopulation genetic diversity index(πvalues)were 0.0037 and 0.0036,respectively.The population differentiation index(Fst value)is 0.14.The results of the population principal component analysis are completely consistent with the results of population genetic structure,and there are some genetic crossovers between subgroups.Phylogenetic analysis shows thatⅠgroup includes 152 germplasm accessions mainly from Bolivia and Peru,andⅡgroup includes 99 germplasm accessions mainly from Chile.TheⅠgroup is further divided into two subgroupsⅠ-1 andⅠ-2.The Nei′s genetic distance betweenⅠ-1 andⅠ-2 was 0.054.Among the 112 germplasm accessions from Shijiazhuang(Hebei),40,24 and 48 accessions were closely related to the Bolivian,Peruvian and Chilean germplasm in kinship relationship,respectively.The construction of molecular ID among 251 germplasm accessions could play an important role to trace and protect the quinoa germplasm in this study.The results of population genetic diversity analysis have certain reference significance for the classification and systematic arrangement in quinoa germplasm in China.

关 键 词：藜麦 种质资源 多重PCR扩增子捕获测序技术 SNP 分子身份证 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]