西藏野生荞麦种质资源的调查与收集  

Investigation and Collection of Wild Buckwheat Germplasm Resource in Xizang Autonomous Region of China

作　　者：沈伦豪 任奎 唐宇 严明理[2] 刘丽莉[2] 张凯旋 周美亮 SHEN Lun-hao;REN Kui;TANG Yu;YAN Ming-li;LIU Li-li;ZHANG Kai-xuan;ZHOU Mei-liang(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;College of Life Science and Health,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201;College of Food Science and Technology,Sichuan Tourism University,Chengdu 610100)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]湖南科技大学生命科学与健康学院,湘潭411201 [3]四川旅游学院食品学院,成都610100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第3期768-774,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1200100,2021YFD1200105)。

摘　　要：青藏高原喜马拉雅地区是荞麦的起源中心,其独特的气候类型和地理位置孕育了丰富独特的野生荞麦资源。为探明西藏地区荞麦属种质资源的群体数量以及分布情况,中国农业科学院野生荞麦资源调查队于2020-2021年间历时40 d在西藏自治区进行了系统的资源调查与收集工作。以金沙江、澜沧江、雅鲁藏布江、尼洋河、帕隆藏布等河流为主线,在西藏的昌都、林芝、山南、拉萨、日喀则5个地区采集到荞麦属野生植物种质资源189份(苦荞野生种122份、野生金荞麦36份、甜荞野生种10份、细柄野荞麦8份、心叶野荞麦5份、金沙野荞麦资源5份、小野荞麦2份、四倍体齐蕊野荞麦1份),其种间性状变异丰富且与其他地区的野生荞麦资源在性状上存在明显差异。野生荞麦有部分荞麦栽培种所不具备的优异性状,为荞麦属遗传育种提供了宝贵的基因资源。Himalayan region of Qinghai Tibet Plateau is the origin center of buckwheat.The specific climate and geographical location of this region enabled the appearance of abundant wild buckwheat resources.In order to uncover the populations of buckwheat and their distribution in Xizang Autonomous Region,the wild buckwheat resource investigation team of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences conducted a survey and collection for 40 days from 2020 to 2021.Focusing on the important areas including Jinsha River,Lancang River,Brahmaputra River,Niyang River,Palong Zangbo and other rivers in Changdu,Nyingchi,Shannan,Lhasa and Shigatse,189 buckwheat wild plant germplasm accessions were collected in this five areas(122 Fagopyrum tataricum subsp.potanini,36 F.cymosum(Trevir.)Meisn.,10 F.esculentum subsp.ancestrale,8 F.gracilipes(Hemsl.)Dammer ex Diels,5 F.gilesii(Hemsl.)Hedberg,5 F.jinshaense Ohsako&Ohnishi,2 F.leptopodum Hedberg and 1 F.homotropicum).The abundant phenotypic variation among species collected from this region and significant difference in characteristics if compared to wild buckwheat accessions in other areas were observed.Since wild relatives of buckwheat has some elite characters,they might serve as a gene resources valuable for buckwheat breeding.

关 键 词：野生荞麦 西藏地区 种质资源 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]