小麦不育小穗数QTL-qSsnps-5D遗传及育种选择效应解析  

Genetic Effect of Sterile Spikelet Number-related QTL-qSsnps-5D and Its Use in Wheat Varieties

作　　者：马天航 蔡益彪 熊永星 徐勤青 周晓涵 孔文超 李晶雪 程蕊 李诗慧 曹鸣苏 王晨阳 赵春华 秦冉 孙晗 吴永振 崔法 MA Tian-hang;CAI Yi-biao;XIONG Yong-xing;XU Qin-qing;ZHOU Xiao-han;KONG Wen-chao;LI Jing-xue;CHENG Rui;LI Shi-hui;CAO Ming-su;WANG Chen-yang;ZHAO Chun-hua;QIN Ran;SUN Han;WU Yong-zhen;CUI Fa(School of Agriculture,Ludong University/Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and AbioticResistant Plants in Universities of Shandong,Yantai 264025;Modern Breeding Technology Center,Liaocheng Academy ofAgricultural Sciences,Shandong Liaocheng 252000;Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Jinan 250100)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学农学院/山东省高等学校作物高产抗逆分子模块重点实验室,烟台264025 [2]聊城市农业科学院现代育种技术中心,山东聊城252000 [3]山东省农业技术推广中心,济南250100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第3期811-822,共12页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2019GNC106126);国家自然科学基金(31871612);山东省高等学校“青创科技计划”(2019KJF002);烟台市科技计划项目(2020XCZX045)。

摘　　要：qSsnps-5D为一个控制不育小穗数的主效稳定QTL,其优异等位基因来自小麦骨干亲本京411。本研究利用科农9204×京411衍生的包含187个家系的重组自交系群体(KJ-RIL,recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204 and Jing 411)及314份育成品种(系)组成的自然群体对其进行遗传及育种选择效应解析,明确其对产量性状的遗传效应,分析其在育种过程中的选择应用情况,评价其未来育种应用潜力。试验结果表明,qSsnps-5D在8套数据集中被定位于5D染色体上0.72~4.13 Mb之间,跨度约3.41 Mb。基于KJ-RIL群体及自然群体分析结果均表明,来自京411的优异等位基因可增加单株穗数,但对千粒重表现为极显著负向效应;其对穗粒数、单株产量的影响在两套群体的分析结果不一致。在qSsnps-5D靶区间内选择2个紧密连锁的SNP标记AX-110565536和AX-86170796对314份自然群体进行目标QTL单倍型分析;结果显示,国外品种对qSsnps-5D优异单倍型(Hap-GG-CC)的选择利用率最高;中国品种中青海省、四川省和河南省3个省份优异单倍型品种占比较高,而山东、北京、陕西和河北4地对qSsnps-5D优异单倍型选择利用率较低。时间跨度显示,qSsnps-5D优异单倍型Hap-GG-CC选择利用效率随时间推移在我国呈下降趋势。为便于qSsnps-5D后期分子育种应用,本研究开发了一个基于PCR检测技术的InDel分子标记,命名为5D-1620921,其带型扩增清晰,可重复性好,为qSsnps-5D分子育种应用提供理论支撑。qSsnps-5D,derived from the backbone parental line Jing 411(J411),is a major stable QTL for sterile spikelet number per spike(SSNPS). This study aimed to decipher the genetic effect of this QTL and its use in wheat varieties. Two populations,including a recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204(KN9204)and Jing 411(KJ-RIL),and a natural mapping population comprised by 314 wheat authorized varieties or advanced lines,were involved. The experiment results showed that qSsnps-5D was confirmed in an interval of 3.41 Mb from 0.72 Mb to 4.13 Mb on chromosome 5D among 8 datasets. Excellent allele of qSsnps-5D from J411 could increase spikes per plant but significantly decrease thousand kernel weight in both KJ-RIL and the natural mapping populations. However,the genetic effects of qSsnps-5D on kernel number per spike and yield per plant were differing between the two populations. Two close linkage markers of qSsnps-5D,i.e.,AX-110565536 and AX-86170796 were used to specify the breeding utilization characteristics of qSsnps-5D in the natural mapping population. The excellent haplotype for qSsnps-5D(Hap-GG-CC)was often found(80.60%)in the foreign varieties. Among the Chinese varieties,higher rates of excellent haplotype(Hap-GG-CC)were found from varieties of Qinghai province,Sichuan province and Henan province,but the rates of haplotype HapGG-CC were lower in varieties of Shandong,Beijing,Shaanxi and Hebei. The rates of Hap-GG-CC in varieties released from 1980 s to present were constantly declined. To facilitate the application of qSsnps-5D in future molecular breeding programs,we developed a PCR-based InDel molecular marker named as 5D-1620921.Altogether,this study provided insights for the application of qSsnps-5D in molecular breeding programs of wheat.

关 键 词：小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) 不育小穗数 主效QTL 遗传效应解析 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]