固体动力设计中的几个主要关键基础问题  

Some fundamental problems on design of solid propulsion systems

作　　者：何景轩 任全彬 董新刚 任萍 颜勇 HE Jingxuan;REN Quanbin;DONG Xingang;REN Ping;YAN Yong(The 41st Institute of the Fourth Academy of CASC,Xi'an 710025,China;The Fourth Academy of CASC,Xi'an 710025,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天科技集团有限公司四院四十一所,西安710025 [2]中国航天科技集团有限公司第四研究院,西安710025

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2022年第2期181-188,共8页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

摘　　要：针对固体动力性能不断提升和技术发展需求,对制约固体动力设计水平提升中所面临的主要关键基础问题进行了系统梳理。通过对固体发动机的复合材料壳体、燃烧室药柱、推力矢量喷管以及固体超燃冲压发动机技术特点的分析,提出对复合材料壳体结构强度与失效判据问题、燃烧室药柱燃烧机理与团聚机理问题、固体发动机非线性不稳定燃烧的触发和演化机理问题、燃烧室药柱及其界面损伤演化机制与失效判据问题、推力矢量喷管热结构烧蚀机理与能量转换机制问题、固体超燃冲压发动机设计中掺混燃烧机理与模态转换机制以及热防护材料的协同烧蚀机理问题等需重点关注,并指出这些关键基础问题有待于进行更深入研究的方向。Taking account of demands on the continuous performance improvement and technological development of solid propulsion systems, some key fundamental problems on the design of solid propulsion system were comprehensively summarized. By means of analyzing technical characteristics of the composite case, propellant grain and thrust vector nozzle of solid rocket motor, and that of solid scramjet motor, several noteworthy propblems were proposed here, including the structural strength and failure criteria of composite case, the mechanism of combustion and agglomeration for propellant grain, the triggering and evolution mechanism of non-linear unstable combustion in solid rocket motor, the damage evolution and failure criteria of grain and its bonding interfaces, the mechanism of ablation and energy conversion in thrust vector nozzle and its thermal structures, the mechanism of mixing combustion and mode conversion as well as synergistic ablation of thermal protection materials in solid scramjet design. All these problems need to be focused on in solid propulsion system design, and the related research fields need to be further studied.

关 键 词：固体动力 复合材料壳体结构强度 药柱燃烧机理 燃烧不稳定性 药柱结构完整性 推力矢量喷管 固体超燃冲压发动机 

分 类 号：V435[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]