无权占有人的用益返还义务研究  

A study on the usufruct restitution obligation of unauthorized possessors

作　　者：毕明宇 BI Ming-yu(School of Law, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 200042, China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律学院,上海200042

出　　处：《运城学院学报》2022年第2期61-66,共6页Journal of Yuncheng University

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国民法典》在第460条第1分句只对孳息的返还规则进行了简单的规范,但对使用利益的返还并未作出明文规定,这两种相似利益的返还规则应当相同。无权占有人的使用利益、孳息的返还范围在目前的条文规定中是全部利益的返还,这与不当得利的一般规范以及保护善意占有人的立法目的相冲突,应当通过对条文的合理解释使得善意占有人与善意受领人的返还范围相同。同时民法典中并未规定存在占有媒介关系时无权直接占有人与无权间接占有人享有的用益该如何返还,应当通过对第460条第1分句进行目的性限缩解释使得这两种无权占有人的用益返还范围以无权间接占有人的主观状态为断。Article 460 in Clause 1 of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China only provides simple rules for the return of fruits,but there is no explicit provision for the return of use interests.The rules for the return of these two similar interests should be the same.In the current provisions,the scope of the return of the interests and benefits of the possessor without the right to use is the return of all interests,which is in conflict with the general norm of unjust enrichment and the legislative purpose of protecting the possessor in good faith.The interpretation is such that the bona fide possessor has the same scope of return as the bona fide recipient.At the same time,there is no stipulation in the civil Code on how to return the usufruct enjoyed by the unauthorized direct possessor and unauthorized indirect possessor when the possessor media relationship exists.Therefore,the scope of the usufruct returned by the unauthorized indirect possessor should be determined by the subjective state of the unauthorized indirect possessor through the purposive limited interpretation of Clause 1 in Article 460.

关 键 词：无权占有 孳息 使用利益 占有媒介关系 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]