Parameter-independent error correction for potential measurements by reference electrode in lithium-ion batteries  

作　　者：Yalun Li Xinlei Gao Xuning Feng Xuebing Han Jiuyu Du Languang Lu Minggao Ouyang 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084 China [2]School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China

出　　处：《Journal of Energy Chemistry》2022年第4期34-45,共12页能源化学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2019YFE0100200);funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51807108,51877121,52037006)。

摘　　要：The safety monitoring of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) is of great significance for realizing all-climate and full-lifespan battery management. In-situ measurement of anode potential with implanted reference electrodes(REs) has proven to be effective to monitor and avoid the occurrence of severe side reactions like Li plating to ensure the safe and fast charging. However, the intrinsic measurement errors caused by local blocking effects, which also can be referred to as potential artefacts, are seldom taken into consideration in existing studies, yet they highly dominate the correctness of conclusions inferred from REs. In this study, aiming at exploring the physical origin of the measurement errors and ensure reliable potential monitoring, electrochemical and post-mortem tests are conducted using commercial pouch cells with implanted REs. Corresponding electrochemical model which describes the blocking effects, is established to validate the abnormal absence of lithium plating that predicted by measured anode potentials under various charging rates. Theoretical derivation is further presented to explain the error sources, which can be attributed to increased local liquid potential of the RE position. Most importantly, with the guidance of error analysis, a novel parameter-independent error correction method for RE measurements is proposed for the first time, which is proven to be adequate to estimate the real anode potentials and deduce the critical C-rate of Li plating with extra safety margin. After error correction, the resulting critical C-rates are all within the range of 0.55 ± 0.03 C, which is close to the C-rate of 0.6–0.7 C obtained from experiments. In addition, this error correction method can be performed conveniently with only some simple RE measurements of polarization voltages, totally independent of battery electrochemical and geometric parameters. This study provides highly practical error correction method for RE measurements in real LIBs, substantially facilitating the fast diagnosis and safe

关 键 词：Reference electrode Lithium-ion battery Potential artefacts Measurement error correction 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]