我国部分地区猪肉、猪肝二噁英污染状况与风险评估  

Analysis and risk assessment of PCDD/Fs level in pork and pork liver from five areas of China

作　　者：吴斌[1] 张高强 蒋友胜[1] 周健[1] 刘源 林晓仕[1] 彭金铃 李云秀 张建清[1] WU Bin;ZHANG Gaoqiang;JIANG Yousheng;ZHOU Jian;LIU Yuan;LIN Xiaoshi;PENG Jinling;LI Yunxiu;ZHANG Jianqing(Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2022年第2期327-333,共7页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：深圳市科技创新委学科布局项目(JCYJ20170413102320786);深圳市医学三名工程项目(SZSM201811070);深圳市医学重点学科建设经费资助(SZXK067)。

摘　　要：目的分析来自A、B、C、D、E五省猪肉、猪肝二噁英污染状况,并针对人群膳食暴露量进行评价,为未来制定国家食品安全二噁英限量标准提供基础数据。方法于2013年至2019年共采集146份猪肉和猪肝样品,参照国家标准方法《食品中二噁英及其类似物毒性当量的测定》(GB 5009.205—2013),采用同位素稀释的高分辨气相色谱/高分辨双聚焦磁式质谱联用(HRGC/HRMS)技术,对样品中的17种二噁英单体进行准确定量分析检测。根据食物消费量数据,采用点评估方法进行人群膳食暴露量评估。结果猪肉和猪肝样品中二噁英毒性当量浓度中位数分别是0.106、2.32 pg/g·fat;各地区猪肉二噁英浓度水平以A(0.859 pg/g·fat)>D(0.145 pg/g·fat)>C(0.0974 pg/g·fat)>B(0.0399 pg/g·fat)>E(0.023 pg/g·fat)依次降低,猪肝二噁英的浓度水平以A(3.616 pg/g·fat)>B(1.84 pg/g·fat)>D(1.313 pg/g·fat)>E(0.85 pg/g·fat)依次降低。猪肉和猪肝样品中PCDD/Fs的质量浓度单体分布特征相似,均以OCDD为主要优势单体,分别占95%、90%,但猪肉和猪肝TEQ浓度单体分布特征存在差异;不同地区同一类别样品的二噁英单体特征也存在较大差异。五个地区居民通过食用猪肉每月摄入的PCDD/Fs为0.192~2.054 pg/kg·bw/m,低于粮农组织/世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会(Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committeeon Food Additives,JECFA)规定的70 pg/kg·bw/m的暂定每月容许摄入量(Provisional tolerable monthly intake,PTMI)。结论我国部分地区市售猪肉及猪肝样品存在一定程度的二噁英污染;经济发达地区猪肉、猪肝样品中二噁英的浓度水平较高,存在明显的空间差异;总体来看居民经猪肉摄入的二噁英暴露风险较小。下一步应持续开展重点食品中二噁英污染水平的监测工作,并针对高暴露地区人群开展二噁英及其类似物的总膳食暴露评估,以更好地保障畜肉类食品安全和人体健康。Objective To analyze the levels of dioxin contamination in pork and pork liver from five provinces of China:A,B,C,D,and E,and evaluate the dietary exposure of the population,aiming to provide fundamental data for the future formulation of national limit standards of PCDD/Fs.Methods A total of 146 pork and pork liver samples were collected during 2013 to 2019.According to the national standard method"Determination of Toxicity Equivalent of Dioxins and Analogues in Foods"(GB 5009.205-2013),17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furans(PCDD/Fs)in food samples were detected by isotope dilution chromatography/high resolution dual-focusing magnetic mass spectrometry(HRGC/HRMS).Based on the food consumption data,the dietary exposure via pork for the population was assessed.Results The median TEQ concentration of dioxin in pork and pork liver samples was 0.106 pg/g·fat and 2.32 pg/g·fat,respectively.The concentration of PCDD/Fs in pork in various regions were sequentially decreased by A(0.859 pg/g·fat)>D(0.145 pg/g·fat)>C(0.0974 pg/g·fat)>B(0.0399 pg/g·fat)>E(0.023 pg/g·fat),and the decreased order of PCDD/F levels in pork liver samples from various regions was A(3.616 pg/g·fat)>B(1.84 pg/g·fat)>D(1.313 pg/g·fat)>E(0.85 pg/g·fat).The patterns for 17 congeners of PCDD/Fs in pork and pork liver samples were similar and OCDD was the dominant congener,accounting for 95%and 90%of the total mass concentrations,respectively.As for the TEQ concentrations,the congener patterns of PCDD/Fs in pork and pork liver samples were inconsistent.In addition,it also varied greatly in the congener patterns of PCDD/Fs for the same class of food samples from different regions.The median intakes of PCDD/Fs via pork for local residents in the five regions ranged from 0.192 to 2.054 pg/kg·bw/month,which were all lower than the PTMI value recommended by JECFA(70 pg/kg·bw/m).Conclusion PCDD/Fs contamination in pork and pork liver existed in some areas of China.Spatial difference in PCDD/F levels was observed among the five areas and highe

关 键 词：猪肉 猪肝 二噁英 高分辨气相色谱/高分辨双聚焦磁式质谱 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]