滨海不同生境湿地土壤有机碳官能团特征及其影响因子  

Characteristics and influencing factors of soil organic carbon functional groups in coastal wetlands with different habitats

作　　者：李召阳 刘晟 刘嘉元 李德生[1] 刘福德[1] LI Zhaoyang;LIU Sheng;LIU Jiayuan;LI Desheng;LIU Fude(School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2022年第2期276-282,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41303057);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(14JCYBJC23000)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,围填海等滨海湿地的开发和利用活动较为频繁,造成滨海湿地土壤有机碳储量和分布格局不断发生变化,这对正确评估滨海湿地应对人为干扰的能力及制定合理的可持续发展对策是一种挑战.以天津、东营和昌邑滨海地区的潮上带和潮间带湿地为研究对象,采用傅里叶红外光谱法分析不同生境滨海湿地土壤有机碳官能团的组成与数量特征,并结合理化性质的变化揭示土壤有机碳官能团的影响因子.结果显示,东营、天津和昌邑湿地土壤有机碳官能团类型大致相同,其中糖类、脂肪类、氨基酸和酚类占比较大,芳香烃、苯类和酮类占比较小.虽然不同地点滨海湿地的土壤有机碳官能团结构大致相同,但东营与天津湿地土壤各吸收峰强度显著大于昌邑湿地(P<0.05).主成分分析结果表明前2轴累计解释了79.6%的土壤有机碳官能团的变化,表明上述官能团能够反映滨海湿地土壤有机碳的分布特征.研究同时发现东营和昌邑滨海潮间带与潮上带湿地的土壤样品区分度较高,潮上带湿地土壤中属于疏水基团的烯烃类、酮类、苯系物和芳香化合物的吸收峰强度与相对峰面积显著大于潮间带,但天津采样点距离河口较近,淡咸水的交替作用使潮间带与潮上带区分并不明显.蒙特卡洛检验结果表明土壤总磷(P=0.002)、有机碳(P=0.002)、总碳(P=0.002)、总氮(P=0.004)、pH(P=0.006)和盐度(P=0.03)对土壤有机碳官能团的数量分布均有显著影响,但土壤总磷含量的解释量最高,达到了39.7%.综上,滨海湿地土壤有机碳官能团结构不随地点和生境发生变化,但其数量特征受植被生长和土壤理化性质影响显著,各理化性质中土壤总磷含量是影响滨海湿地土壤有机碳官能团数量分布最大的驱动因子,结果可为氮磷输入比例日益增加的河口海岸湿地及近海水域富营养化的修复与治理提供重要科学依据.(图4表3Increasing development and utilization of coastal wetlands(e.g.,reclamation projects)in recent years has resulted in ongoing changes in the storage and distribution patterns of soil organic carbon in these ecosystems.Evaluating the capability of coastal wetlands to cope with human disturbance and formulating measures to mitigate the impacts of development is challenging,however.In this study,soil organic carbon quantity and composition were assessed in the supratidal and intertidal wetlands of coastal Tianjin,Dongying,and Changyi in China using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.These features were also linked to physical and chemical properties to reveal the factors influencing of soil organic carbon functional groups.The results of the analysis indicated that soil organic carbon functional groups were virtually identical in Dongying,Tianjin,and Changyi wetlands,with most consisting of sugars,lipids,amino acids,and phenols,along with several aromatic hydrocarbons,benzene,and ketones.Although the types of soil organic carbon functional groups were alike in the three coastal wetlands,the intensities of the absorption peaks of the functional groups were significantly higher in the Dongying and Tianjin wetlands than in Changyi(P<0.05).Principal component analysis suggested that the first two axes cumulatively explained 79.6%of the variation in soil organic carbon functional groups,indicating that the functional groups reflect the distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in coastal wetlands.The results also suggested significant differentiation of soil samples between intertidal and supratidal wetlands in Dongying and Changyi;that is,absorption peak intensity and relative peak area of olefins,ketones,and aromatic hydrocarbons,which belong to the hydrophobic grouping,were significantly higher in supratidal wetlands than in intertidal wetlands.However,the sampling site in Tianjin is situated close to the estuary,and the alternating inputs of freshwater and seawater resulted in no difference between the

关 键 词：滨海湿地 生境类型 有机碳官能团 红外光谱分析 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]