不同回用途径下再生水中病毒健康风险评价  

Health Risk Assessment of Virus in Reclaimed Water with Different Reuse Approaches

作　　者：张崇芹 董晓婉 王然 丁笑寒 赵方超[2] 陈栋[2] ZHANG Chongqin;DONG Xiaowan;WANG Ran;DING Xiaohan;ZHAO Fangchao;CHEN Dong(Qingdao Water Development Center of West Coast New District,Qingdao 266499,China;School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266033,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛西海岸新区水务发展中心,山东青岛266499 [2]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2022年第1期137-144,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大水专项(2017ZX07101002-06);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019BEE028)。

摘　　要：随着再生水不断地推广应用,对其在回用过程中各类风险因子对暴露人群的健康风险评价具有重要的现实意义。研究利用荧光定量q PCR法对青岛市3座城市污水处理厂再生水中的腺病毒(AdV)、肠道病毒(EV)、轮状病毒(RV)进行检测,基于检测结果,结合剂量-反应模型,参照USEPA提出的风险评价“四步法”,得到如下结果:4个样品呈现AdV阳性,检出浓度在ND~924.44 copies/L,EV与RV均未检出。WWTP-2一期工程三级出水、WWTP-2四期工程三级出水回用于城市绿化、道路降尘、景观用水、家用绿化、冲洗厕所等途径时,AdV对职业人员和非职业人员均具有一定的健康风险,且对职业人员的一次感染风险高于非职业人员。不同的回用途径下,对职业人员健康风险高低依次为:城市绿化≈道路降尘≈景观用水>家用绿化>冲洗厕所,对非职业人员健康风险高低依次为:城市绿化>道路降尘>景观用水>家用绿化>冲洗厕所。该研究为当地再生水回用过程中的风险管控提供重要的理论支持。It is of extreme significance to evaluate the health risks of various risk factors exposed to people as the reclaimed water reuse has been increasingly practised.In this study,fluorescence quantitative qPCR was used to test varied viruses including adenovirus(AdV),enterovirus(EV),and rotavirus(RV)in the reclaimed water of three urban wastewater treatment plants in Qingdao City.Thereby,on the basis of the testing results,health risk assessment of virus in the reclaimed wastewater was carried out with the help of the dose-response model and referring to the"four-step"method of the risk assessment proposed by the USEPA.Results of the assessment showed that above-mentioned samples were positive for AdV,the detected concentration being ND~924.44 copies/L,and neither EV nor RV was detected;as far as the tertiary treatment effluent of WWTP-2 phase(1st project)and the tertiary treatment effluent effluent of WWTP-2 phase(4thproject)were reused applying in urban greening,putting off street dust,landscaping,household greening,flushing toilets,etc.,AdV will cause certain health risks to both professionals and non-professionals,and the infection risk of professional personnel was higher than that of non-professional personnel.In terms of the referred different reuse ways,the health risk to professionals was following the order:urban greening≈putting off road dust≈landscaping>household greening>flushing toilets;on the other hand,the health risk to non-professionals following the descending order:urban greening>putting off road dust>landscaping>household greening>flush toilets.Hopefully,the assessment would provide theoretical supports for risk control in the process of local reclaimed water reuse.

关 键 词：再生水 病毒 风险评价 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]