低钾胁迫下钙调素拮抗剂对烟草幼苗钾积累的影响  

Effects of Calmodulin Antagonists on Potassium Accumulation in Tobacco Seedlings under Low Potassium Conditions

作　　者：徐高强 石秋环[2] 李丽华[2] 马君红[2] 宋正熊[2] 李豪豪 王英锋 代晓燕 XU Gaoqiang;SHI Qiuhuan;LI Lihua;MA Junhong;SONG Zhengxiong;LI Haohao;WANG Yingfeng;DAI Xiaoyan(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Luoyang City Company,Henan Tobacco Company,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2022年第2期25-32,共8页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31501823);中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目(2020410000270020);河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司科技专项(2021410300270050)。

摘　　要：为探讨低钾胁迫下钙调素(CaM)拮抗剂对植株幼苗钾积累的影响及其生理机制,采用室内水培法,以烟草品种K326为试验材料,设置2个钾水平和2种钙调素拮抗剂(氯丙嗪和三氟拉嗪)处理,分别测定叶片钙离子及钙调素含量、植株各部位钾含量、根系钾离子吸收相关基因的相对表达量、植株生理特征。结果表明,与常钾水平相比,低钾胁迫下植株各部位钾含量、叶片抗氧化酶活性、叶绿素含量及光合特性指标(除水汽压饱和亏外)明显降低。其中,植株地上部及根系钾含量分别显著降低了23.80%和55.50%,根系中NKT2、NtKC1和NtHAK1基因的相对表达量分别增加了4.05、2.98和12.74倍。2个钾水平下,施加钙调素拮抗剂后,植株各部位钾含量、抗氧化酶活性、叶绿素含量及光合特性6项指标(除水汽压饱和亏外)明显降低。低钾胁迫下,与未添加钙调素拮抗剂相比,钙调素拮抗剂处理的叶片钙调素含量、植株各部位钾含量、根系钾吸收相关基因表达量、叶绿素总含量及光合特性6项指标(除水汽压饱和亏外)显著降低,其中植株地上部及根系钾含量平均降低了23.69%和60.00%,根系中NKT2、NtKC1和NtHAK1基因的相对表达量平均降低了82.84%、94.18%和52.44%。低钾胁迫下添加钙调素拮抗剂会抑制钙调素含量,阻碍Ca^(2+)-CaM复合体的形成,影响信号传导,导致叶片抗氧化酶活性及光合作用降低,根系中K^(+)吸收相关基因的表达量减少,抑制植株K^(+)吸收和积累。To investigate the effects of calmodulin(CaM)antagonists on potassium accumulation and photosynthetic characteristics of seedlings under low potassium stress and the mechanisms involved,two potassium levels and two calmodulin antagonists(chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine)treatments were set up in an indoor hydroponic culture experiments using tobacco variety K326 as the test material,and the leaf calcium ion content,calmodulin content,potassium content in various parts of the plant,relative expression of genes related to root potassium uptake,physiological characteristics were measured.The plant physiological characteristics,leaf antioxidant enzyme activities and photosynthetic characteristics were determined.The results showed that the potassium content,leaf antioxidant enzyme activity,chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics(except water vapour pressure saturation deficit)of all parts of the plant were lower under low K stress compared to normal potassium levels,in which the above-ground and root potassium contents of the plant were significantly reduced by 23.80%and 55.50%,respectively.The relative expression of NKT2,NtKC1 and NtHAK1 genes in the root system was increased by 4.05,2.98 and 12.74 times,respectively.The potassium content of all plant parts,antioxidant enzyme activity,chlorophyll content and six indicators of photosynthetic characteristics(except water vapour pressure saturation deficit)were significantly reduced after the application of calmodulin antagonists at two potassium levels.Under low potassium stress,leaf calmodulin content,potassium content in all parts of the plant,root potassium uptake related gene expression,total chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics(except water vapour saturation deficit)were significantly lower in the calmodulin antagonist treatments compared to the non-calmodulin antagonist treatment,with an average reduction of 23.69%and 60.00%in above-ground and root potassium content.The relative expression of NKT2,NtKC1 and NtHAK1 genes in the

关 键 词：烟草 钾积累 钙调素拮抗剂 光合特性 低钾胁迫 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]