不同规格育苗盘对雪茄烟苗生长和膜上移栽烟叶产质量的影响  

Effects of Moist Tray with Different Sizes on Seedlings Growth for Above FilmTransplanting and Field Yield and Quality of Cigar Tobacco

作　　者：高华军 贺远 蔡斌 马兴华[3] 耿召良 林北森 李方友 李春虎 夏长剑 李梦都 陈德鑫 向小华 吕洪坤 GAO Huajun;HE Yuan;CAI Bin;MA Xinghua;GENG Zhaoliang;LIN Beisen;LI Fangyou;LI Chunhu;XIA Changjian;LI Mengdu;CHEN Dexin;XIANG Xiaohua;LYU Hongkun(Haikou Cigar Research Institute,Hainan Provincial Branch,China National Tobacco Corporation,Haikou 571100,China;College of Tobacco Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266101,China;Wuzhishan Yongyi Cigar Manor Co.,Ltd.,Wuzhishan,Hainan 572200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司海南省公司海口雪茄研究所,海口571100 [2]郑州轻工业大学烟草科学与工程学院,郑州450002 [3]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,农业农村部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,青岛266101 [4]五指山勇毅雪茄庄园有限公司,海南五指山572200

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2022年第2期86-93,共8页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司海南省公司重点科技项目(2020001,201746000024055)。

摘　　要：为了筛选能培育适合膜上移栽方式的高素质雪茄烟苗的湿润育苗盘,试验研究了50孔、54孔、70孔、72孔和100孔5个规格育苗盘对烟苗生长和膜上移栽烟株大田生长及烟叶产量、经济效益的影响。结果表明,50孔和54孔育苗盘所育烟苗农艺性状、根系形态指标、鲜干质量、壮苗指数较高,大田烟叶生长较快,但烟叶产量、茄衣烟叶产量较低,育苗投入成本明显增加,烟叶经济效益降低。72孔育苗盘所育烟苗素质整体较高,烟株大田长势好,烟叶产量、茄衣产量、茄衣产出率均较高,其中茄衣产出率较烟苗素质高的50孔处理提高9.92%,烟叶经济效益较育苗投入最高的50孔处理提高8.28%。70孔育苗盘所育烟苗的根冠比、壮苗指数与72孔处理差异不显著,但其大田烟叶产量、茄衣烟叶产量却显著低于72孔处理。而100孔育苗盘所育烟苗素质尽管低于其他处理,但其大田烟叶产量、茄衣产量最高,分别较最低的54孔处理提高15.42%、28.43%,育苗投入成本最低,烟叶经济效益较50孔处理提高12.06%。因此,72孔和100孔苗盘可用于海南雪茄烟叶秋季湿润育苗,其所育烟苗适合雪茄烟叶膜上移栽使用。in order to select the moist tray which can be used to cultivate high quality cigar tobacco seedlings suitable for transplanting above film,the effects of moist tray treatments of 50 pores,54 pores,70 pores,72 pores and 100 pores on seedling growth,field growth,leaf yield,and economic performance were studied.The results showed that the agronomic characters,root morphological indexes,biomass and strong seedling index of the 50 pores and 54 pores seedling trays were higher,the growth of cigar tobacco leaves in field was faster,but the yield of cigar tobacco leaves and cigar wrapper tobacco were lower,and the input cost of seedlings increased obviously,the economic performance of cigar tobacco leaves decreased.The quality of cigar tobacco seedlings of the 72 pores seedling tray was higher,the growth of cigar tobacco plants was better,the yield of cigar tobacco leaf,the yield of cigar wrapper tobacco and the output rate of cigar wrapper tobacco were higher,the output rate of cigar wrapper tobacco was 9.92%higher than that of the 50 pores seedling tray,and the economic performance of tobacco leaf was 8.28%higher than that of the 50 pores seedling tray.There was no significant difference in root shoot ratio and strong seedling index between the 70 pores seedling tray and the 72 pores treatment,but the yield of cigar tobacco leaf and the yield of cigar wrapper tobacco of the 72 pores treatment were significantly lower than the 72 pores treatment.The quality of cigar tobacco seedling of the 100 pores seedling tray was lower than that of other treatments,but the yield of cigar tobacco leaf and the cigar wrapper tobacco in field was the highest,which was 15.42%and 28.43%higher than that of the 54 pores seedling tray,respectively.The input cost of seedling of the 100 pores seedling tray was the lowest,and the economic performance of cigar tobacco leaf was 12.06%higher than that of the 50 pores seedling tray.Therefore,the 72 pores and 100 pores moist trays can be used in autumn moist seedling cultivation of Hainan cigar tob

关 键 词：雪茄 湿润育苗 膜上移栽 育苗盘 产量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]