马铃薯淀粉加工汁水灌溉对土壤养分和苜蓿生长的影响  

Effects of potato starch processing juice on soil nutrient contents and alfalfa growth

作　　者：贾渊超 毕江涛[2] 曹学海 孙权[1] 毛瑞璠 惠治兵 刘鹏 JIA Yuanchao;BI Jiangtao;CAO Xuehai;SUN Quan;MAO Ruifan;HUI Zhibing;LIU Peng(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Ecological Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Pengyang County Seed Management Station,Pengyang 756599,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学生态环境学院,银川750021 [3]宁夏彭阳县种子管理站,宁夏彭阳756599

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第5期990-998,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2019BBF02028)。

摘　　要：为研究马铃薯淀粉加工汁水对土壤养分和苜蓿生长的影响,以紫花苜蓿为供试材料,设置5个灌溉处理,即CK:清水,T1:马铃薯淀粉加工汁水75 m^(3)·hm^(-2),T2:汁水150 m^(3)·hm^(-2),T3:汁水225 m^(3)·hm^(-2),T4:汁水300 m^(3)·hm^(-2)。结果表明:不同灌溉量的马铃薯淀粉加工汁水均对提高土壤养分和苜蓿生长有促进作用。与CK处理相比,汁水灌溉量为300 m^(3)·hm^(-2)时,提高土壤有机质22.25%、碱解氮46.90%、有效磷20.47%、速效钾10.01%,增加苜蓿鲜草产量160.29%、干草产量165.31%、叶绿素29.61%、粗蛋白6.97%;灌溉量为225 m^(3)·hm^(-2)时,苜蓿株高增长38.06%,相对饲喂价值增加36.54%;灌溉量为75 m^(3)·hm^(-2)时,粗灰分降低3.25%,粗脂肪增加0.68%。利用主成分分析并综合土壤养分与植物性状发现,300 m^(3)·hm^(-2)为最优灌溉量。研究表明,马铃薯淀粉加工汁水能够提高土壤养分含量,促进苜蓿生长,是一种可以有效利用的废弃物资源。This study aimed to elucidate the effects of potato starch processing juice on soil nutrient contents and alfalfa growth,and to provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of this juice as a renewable resource.In order to evaluate the effect of potato starch processing juice on soil fertility and plant growth and development,five different irrigation treatments were set up using alfalfa as test species:CK (clean water), T1(75 m^(3)·hm^(-2)), T2(150 m^(3)·hm^(-2)), T3(225 m^(3)·hm^(-2)), and T4(300 m^(3)·hm^(-2)). The results showed that potato starch processed juice could promote soil nutrient accumulation and alfalfa growth in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared to the values of CK, under a juice irrigation amount of 300m^(3)·hm^(-2) the soil organic matter content, alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen, available phosphorus content, quick-acting potassium content, fresh alfalfa yield, hay alfalfa yield, chlorophyll content, and crude protein content increased by 22.25%, 46.90%, 20.47%, 10.01%, 160.29%, 165.31%, 29.61%, and 6.97%, respectively. Moreover, at an irrigation amount of 225 m^(3)·hm^(-2), the height of alfalfa plants increased by 38.06% and the relative feeding value by 36.54%. Finally, at an irrigation amount of 75 m^(3)·hm^(-2), the crude ash content was reduced by 3.25% and the crude fat content was increased by 0.68%. By using principal component analysis and integrating data on soil nutrients and plant properties, an irrigation amount of 300 m^(3)·hm^(-2) was deemed to be optimal. In conclusion, irrigation with potato starch processing juice can promote soil nutrient properties and alfalfa growth, allowing to make valuable and effective use of this waste resource.

关 键 词：马铃薯淀粉加工汁水 土壤养分 苜蓿 灌溉量 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]