鸭源禽副黏病毒4型对鸡的致病性分析  

Pathogenicity analysis of duck-origin APMV-4 infection in chickens

作　　者：刘建华[1] 孙佳琪 郑学功 阿里木江·喀迪尔 加尔肯[1] 祖力亚江·阿不都热合曼 胡月[1] 古丽孜巴·艾尔肯 冉多良[1] LIU Jian-hua;SUN Jia-qi;ZHENG Xue-gong;Alimujiang Kadir;JIA Er-ken;Zulyajan Abdurahman;HU Yue;Guiziba Arken;RAN Duo-liang(College of Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Shaya Grassland Workstation,Shaya 832200,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆沙雅县草原工作站,新疆沙雅832200

出　　处：《中国预防兽医学报》2022年第3期257-262,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2018D01A13)。

摘　　要：为了探究鸭源禽副黏病毒4型(APMV-4)对鸡是否存在潜在致病性,本实验以鸭源APMV-4新疆分离株通过尾胸气囊途径感染一周龄SPF鸡12只,24 h后取12只同日龄SPF鸡同居饲养,作为模拟自然感染组,同时以PBS接种的雏鸡做为阴性对照。感染后每天观察各组鸡的临床症状及发病情况,并采用临床症状评分统计各组鸡临床症状得分;于感染后2 d、5 d、9 d、14 d采集各组鸡的血清、咽拭子和泄殖腔拭子,利用血凝抑制试验检测其血清HI抗体,采用荧光定量PCR方法检测各组鸡的排毒情况。感染后第5 d、9 d、14 d每组分别迫杀4只鸡,采集脑、气管、肺脏、脾和小肠组织,通过荧光定量PCR方法检测各组织中的病毒载量;选择病变较严重的气管和肺脏制作病理切片。结果显示,两种方式感染组鸡均于感染后3 d~4 d出现喷嚏、腹泻等症状,且气囊感染组鸡的临床症状评分较自然感染组鸡稍高;HI抗体检测结果显示,气囊感染组鸡的HI抗体效价在感染后各时间点均显著高于自然感染组(P<0.05),两组鸡的平均HI抗体效价均在感染后第14 d达到峰值,分别为6.75log2和3.75log2;荧光定量PCR结果显示,两组鸡自感染病毒后第2 d开始排毒,且咽排毒量显著高于泄殖腔排毒量(P<0.05),其中气囊感染组鸡的排毒量显著高于自然感染组(P<0.05),并在感染后第5 d排毒达到峰值后逐渐降低;病毒载量结果显示,两组感染鸡的气管及肺脏中的病毒载量均高于其他组织,脑组织中未检测到病毒;且两组鸡的气管和肺脏均出现明显的病理变化,与病毒载量的检测结果基本一致。阴性对照组鸡均无明显临床症状、抗体效价、病毒排毒,各组织病毒载量均为阴性且各组织均无明显病变。以上结果表明,鸭源APMV-4感染鸡后可产生一定的HI抗体,并可在鸡的气管及肺脏中低水平复制,且具有传染性。本研究首次揭示了模拟自然感染与气囊接种两种方�In order to investigate the potential pathogenicity of duck-origin avian paramyxovirus type 4(APMV-4)in chickens,12 one-week-old SPF chickens were inoculated with duck-origin APMV-4 strain that isolated from Xinjiang province via air sacroute,and 12 SPF chickens of the same age were cohabes 24 hours later as the naturally infected group.Meanwhile,chickens inoculated with PBS were used as negative control.Clinical symptoms and morbidity of each group were observed every day after infection,and the clinical symptom scores of each group were calculated by clinical symptom score.Serum,throat and cloacal swabs were collected at 2 days,5 days,9 days and 14 days after infection,HI antibody was detected by hemagglutination inhibition test,and the virus shedding of chickens in each group was detected by real-time PCR.Real-time PCR was used to detect the viral load and distribution in the brain,trachea,lung,spleen and small intestine of chickens in each group on day 5,9 and 14 after challenge.The results showed that symptoms such as sneezing and diarrhea appeared in the two infection groups at 3 to 4 days after infection,and the clinical symptom score of the air sac infection group was slightly higher than that of the natural infection.The results of HI antibody detection showed that the HI antibody titer in the air sac infection group was significantly higher than that in the natural infection group at all time points(P<0.05),and the average HI antibody titer in the two groups peaked on the14 th day after infection(6.75 log2 and 3.75 log2,respectively).The results of real-time PCR showed that virus shedding in the two groups began on the 2 nd day after infection,and virus shedding through throat was significantly higher than that through cloaca(P<0.05).Virus shedding in the air sac infection group was significantly higher than that in the natural infection group(P<0.05),and the virus shedding reached the peak on the 5 th day after infection and then gradually decreased.The results showed that the viral load in trachea and

关 键 词：禽副黏病毒4型 模拟自然感染 致病性 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]