现代汉语“所”字的功能视角研究  

The Chinese Character Suo:A Functional Approach

作　　者：何伟 莫振峰 HE Wei;MO Zhenfeng(The National Research Centre for Foreign Language Education,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国外语与教育研究中心,北京100089

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2022年第2期8-20,共13页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“‘一带一路’沿线国家语言资源数据库建设及汉外对比研究”(项目编号:19ZDA319)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文基于系统功能语言学内部的加的夫语法,对现代汉语“所”字的用法进行探讨,旨在界定“所”字在不同情况下体现的语义和句法功能。研究表明:在语义层面,“所”字可表达概念意义、人际意义和语篇意义,其中概念意义包括指称、计量、分类、个体化、转指、轻量、程度加深等经验意义和动词主体的指向明确性逻辑意义,人际意义包括交际者教育背景、心理距离、言语审美等语旨特征和强调及弱化情态意义,语篇意义指正式语体特点;在句法层面,“所”字可说明名词词组中的中心词、中心词触发语和数量限定词,量词词组中的量标,性质词组中的程度调节词,数量词组中的调节项,以及小句中的状语。Based on the Cardiff Grammar,a model of Systemic Functional Linguistics,this paper investigates the Chinese character suo in order to specify its meanings in different contexts and the corresponding syntactic elements it expounds.The research results show that suo can express ideational,interpersonal and textual meanings simultaneously.The ideational meanings include experiential meanings-reference,measurement,classification,individualization,transferred-designation,amount limitation and degree amplification,and logical meanings-clarification of logical subject;the interpersonal meanings are mainly about tenor-communicators’educational background,psychological distance,and aesthetic orientation in speech,and modality-emphasis and weakening;the textual meaning is about formality.At the level of syntax,suo can expound the head,head trigger,and quantifying determiner of nominal group,the measure of measure group,the degree temper er of quality group,the adjustor of quantity group,and the Adjunct of clause.

关 键 词：“所”字 加的夫语法 语义功能 句法功能 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]