低温工质润滑螺旋槽止推轴承中空化现象研究  

Research on the Cavitation of Spiral Groove Thrust Bearing Lubricated by Cryogenic Working Medium

作　　者：颜少航 赖天伟[1] 刘玉涛[2] 杨申音 丁文静[3] 侯予[1] YAN Shaohang;LAI Tianwei;LIU Yutao;YANG Shenyin;DING Wenjing;HOU Yu(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology,Beijing 100074,China;Beijing Institute of Space Environment Engineering,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]北京航天试验技术研究所,北京100074 [3]北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《真空与低温》2022年第3期341-345,共5页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51976150)。

摘　　要：低温高速离心泵是实现低温工质快速充注的核心设备,而流体动压润滑轴承是高速低温离心泵中的重要部件。通过对低温介质润滑的螺旋槽止推轴承进行数值模拟,研究其空化现象及其对运行性能的影响。采用Rayleigh-Plesset方程,在Z-G-B空化模型的基础上,综合考虑热力学效应、湍流和表面张力对空化的影响,修正得到了适用于高剪切和低温工质的空化模型。将该模型应用于液氮、液氢绕流水翼的数值计算中,验证模型的有效性。验证结果表明:表面张力和热效应将有效抑制液氮和液氢的空化过程,模拟结果与实验测量结果的偏差均在实验误差之内,空化区域长度的模拟值与实验测量值偏差仅为10%左右。将修正空化模型应用于螺旋槽止推轴承的数值计算,获得了不同转速下螺旋槽止推轴承承载力的变化规律。High-speed cryogenic centrifugal pumps are the core equipment for rapid filling of cryogenic working fluids.Hydrodynamic lubrication bearings are expected to be used in high-speed cryogenic centrifugal pumps with their own advantages.A numerical simulation of a spiral groove thrust bearing lubricated with a cryogenic medium is carried out to study the cavitation phenomenon and its influence on the running performance.At first,based on the Rayleigh-Plesset equation,a new cavitation model is derived based on the Z-G-B cavitation model,which comprehensively considers the effects of thermodynamic effects,turbulence and surface tension on cavitation.Subsequently,the model is applied to the numerical simulation of liquid nitrogen and liquid hydrogen around the hydrofoil.The calculation results are compared with the experimental results.Comparative results show that the thermal effect of liquid nitrogen and liquid hydrogen in the cavitation process can effectively inhibit the cavitation process.The deviation of the cavitation length between the experimental results and simulation results are only about 10%.Finally,the cavitation model is applied to the numerical calculation of spiral groove thrust bearing,and the change law of the bearing capacity of spiral groove thrust bearing at different speeds is obtained.

关 键 词：低温空化 热效应 表面张力 止推轴承 流体动力润滑 

分 类 号：TB655[一般工业技术—制冷工程]