新词“驴友”的概念化动因及其语用个性  

A Cognitive Interpretation on the Conceptual Motivation and Pragmatic Individuality of the Neo-Chinese Word“Lüyou”

作　　者：邬德平 吕凌云 WU Deping;LV Lingyun(School of English Studies,Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China;College of Foreign Languages,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421002,China)

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学英语学院,重庆400031 [2]衡阳师范学院外国语学院,湖南衡阳421002

出　　处：《广西科技师范学院学报》2022年第1期46-52,共7页Journal of Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究青年项目“现代汉语动名兼类词研究”(18B375)。

摘　　要：“驴友”一词有复杂的概念动因,且极具语用个性。它是类比、语音隐喻、概念隐喻、动态范畴化等多种认知方式综合加工的结果:由“X友”类比获得“旅友”,继而“驴”对“旅”产生语音隐喻作用,并将“驴”的“驮物负重、劳苦远行”等特征投射到“旅友”这一始源域中,使“旅友”成“驴友”,这期间概念隐喻也随即产生。“驴友”的“友”还经历“边缘→中央→边缘”的动态范畴化过程,从“友情、亲近、相好”的典型意义转变为“临时、偶然、同伴”之义。此外,“驴友”不光新创出幽默、自嘲的语用效果,还衍生出“跨范畴指称”的语用功能。无论是范畴内互指还是跨范畴兼指,“驴友”均不会产生消极语用。Deriving from a complex conceptual motivation with pragmatic peculiarity,the word“lüyou”results from a comprehensive processing of“analogy,phonetic metaphor,conceptual metaphor,dynamic categorization”and other cognitive means:that is,“X-friend”begets“tour pal”via analogy,and then the word“donkey”exerts a phonetic metaphorical effect on the word“travel”,projecting the characteristics of“donkey”,such as“load-bearing,hard-working and long-distance”,into the original domain of“tour pal”.Therefore,“tour pal”transforms into“lüyou”,during which a conceptual metaphor involves in.Meanwhile,the word“lüyou”also experiences the dynamic categorization of“edge→center→edge”,which transforms from the core meaning of“friendship,closeness and intimacy”to“partner in a temporary activity”.At the same time,“lüyou”not only creates a new pragmatic effect of humor and self-mockery,but also develops the pragmatic function of“cross-category reference”.However,whether intra-category reference or cross-category reference,the word“lüyou”itself is of no negative pragmatic function.

关 键 词：驴友 语音隐喻 概念隐喻 动态范畴化 跨范畴指称 非消极语用效果 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]