国内外急性呼吸窘迫综合征伤病员航空医疗后送  

Aeromedical evacuation of the patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

作　　者：张蓝宁 张家康 张晓丽 Zhang Lanning;Zhang Jiakang;Zhang Xiaoli(Department of Geriatrics,Air Force Medical Center,PLA,Beijing 100142,China;Department of Medical Affairs and Research,Air Force Medical Center,PLA,Beijing 100142,China;General Demonstration Research Section of Aviation Medicine,Air Force Medical Center,PLA,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心老年医学科,北京100142 [2]空军特色医学中心医研部,北京100142 [3]空军特色医学中心空天医学总体论证研究室,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2021年第4期242-247,共6页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

基　　金：全军医学科技青年培育计划孵化项目(17QNP025)。

摘　　要：目的综述国内外急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)伤病员航空医疗后送的现状,总结军队和民航相关经验,以期对我军ARDS伤病员的航空医疗后送实践提供借鉴。资料来源与选择国内外该领域的相关文献。资料引用引用文献资料39篇。资料综合重症伤病员易发生ARDS,航空医疗后送可将其快速转运至上级医院,获得及时有效救治、提高生存率。但空运医疗后送时机舱内低压低氧、振动颠簸等特殊环境会对该类伤病员病情造成一定程度的负面影响,途中需要实施密切监护措施并及时处置病情变化。目前外军(特别是美军)和民航已有较多成功的转运案例,航空医疗后送积累了一些经验并达成共识和标准化操作流程。结论我军应进一步配置航空医疗后送相关硬件设施,组织训练专职化医护团队,整合民用航空资源,增加实践练兵机会;同时积极发展ARDS伤病员的航空医疗后送配套建设,进一步增强空军卫勤保障能力。Objective To put forward some feasible suggestions for the practice of our military aeromedical evacuation (AE) of the patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by reviewing the current situation of military AE with ARDS patients and summarizing the experience from foreign military and civil aviation. Literature resource and selection Research papers and reviews in this field. Literature quotation Thirty-nine papers and reports published at home and abroad were cited. Literature synthesis Seriously injured soldiers are prone to ARDS. AE can quickly transfer them to superior hospitals in time to obtain effective treatment and improve the survival rate. However, special conditions in AE such as low pressure, hypoxia, turbulence and vibration will have a certain negative impact on such patients, so close on-the-way monitoring and timely treatment are required. At present, foreign military (especially the U. S. military) and civil aviation have accumulated successful cases and summarized some experience, consensus and standardized operation processes. Conclusions It is suggested that we should further develop hardware of AE, organize and train professional medical teams, and integrate civil aviation resources to increase opportunities for practical training. At the same time, we should devote greater efforts to the development of military AE with ARDS patients, and further enhance our ability of medical service in the air force.

关 键 词：呼吸窘迫综合征 成人 航空卫生保障 航空医疗后送 

分 类 号：R856.5[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]