模拟酸雨条件下铅锌矿区土壤重金属的淋溶特征及其生物炭稳定化  

Leaching Characteristics and Biochar Stabilization of Heavy Metals in Lead-zinc Mining Area Soils under Simulated Acid Rain Conditions

作　　者：范百龄 石晓磊 安焱 FAN Bailing;SHI Xiaolei;AN Yan(College of Ecological and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《金属矿山》2022年第5期221-226,共6页Metal Mine

基　　金：喀斯特地区石漠化演替过程的Mg同位素地球化学研究项目(编号:黔科合基础[2019]1155号)。

摘　　要：为揭示铅锌矿区土壤重金属在酸雨淋溶条件下的释放特征及其生物炭稳定化效果,通过土柱淋溶试验对比研究了未添加生物炭土壤、添加水稻秸秆生物炭以及玉米秸秆生物炭土壤淋出液理化性质和Pb、Zn、Cd及As的淋出特征,并重点分析了2种生物炭对重金属的稳定化效果。结果表明:铅锌矿区土壤对酸具有较强的缓冲能力,淋出液pH值在6.5~8.3之间,而碱性生物炭的添加对淋出液pH影响不明显,但其显著提高了淋溶初期的EC和TDS;添加不同种类生物炭对Pb、Zn、Cd和As淋出影响不同,玉米秸秆生物炭的添加显著降低了淋出液Pb的含量,其累积流出量降低49.11%,但对Cd和Zn的释放有明显的促进作用;而水稻秸秆生物炭加速了土壤中Pb的释放,对Zn、Cd的影响不明显;2种生物炭对土壤As都起到活化作用。In order to reveal the release characteristics of heavy metals and the stabilization effect of biochar in lead-zinc mine soil under acid rain leaching condition,the physicochemical properties and leaching characteristics of Pb,Zn,Cd and As in soil without biochar,soil with rice straw biochar and corn straw biochar were studied by soil column leaching experiment and emphatically analyzed stabilization effect of the two biochar.The results showed that the soil in lead-zinc mine area had a strong buffer capacity to acid,the pH value of leachate ranged from 6.5 to 8.3,while the addition of alkaline biochar had no obvious effect on it.However,the EC and TDS at the beginning of leaching were significantly increased.The leaching of Pb,Zn,Cd and As was affected by different biochar.The addition of corn stalk biochar significantly reduced the content of Pb in leachate,and its cumulative outflow decreased by 49.11%.But it significantly promoted the release of Cd and Zn.Rice straw biochar accelerated the release of Pb in soil,while it had no significant effect on Zn and Cd.Both biochar activated As in soil.

关 键 词：铅锌矿 模拟酸雨 生物炭 重金属 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X753